论中国古代诗本事小说的文体兼容——以《本事诗》及其后世衍生作品为中心

On the Stylistic Compatibility of Ancient Chinese Novels About Original Stories of Poetry——Centered on Benshi Shi and Its Later Works

诗本事小说是古代小说中一种特殊的题材类型,其成形以《本事诗》的问世为标志,主要特点是诗歌在其中居于核心的、主导的地位,小说的人物、情节设置均围绕诗歌展开。在诗歌的主导下,诗本事小说的结构可以归纳为“呼应诗歌文本叙述创作背景+加入情节走向以证诗歌魅力”模式。诗歌的主导地位引发了读者对诗歌与小说互文性的期待,这种互文性包括叙事照应、意境照应和物象比附三类。这种文体生态在语言设置和情节增生方面限制了诗本事小说的衍生发展,但也使诗词本事在后世的戏曲创作中成为取材的热点。这种不同正体现了诗歌、小说、戏曲在文体上的不同特点。

"Original Story of Poetry"is a special type of theme in ancient novels.The formation of this kind of novel is marked by Benshi Shi.The main feature of these novels is that poetry is at the core and dominant position.The characters and plots of the novel are all about poetry.Under the guidance of poetry,the structure of poetry novels can be summarized as"narrative background based on poetry text and the plot added to prove the charm of poetry".The dominant position of poetry has triggered readers'expectation of intertextuality between poetry and novels.This intertextuality includes three categories:narrative reference,artistic conception reference and object-image comparison.This stylistic ecology limits the development of poetry novels in terms of language setting and plot derivation.However,this kind of stories became a hot spot in the creation of traditional operas in later times.This difference reflects the different characteristics of poetry,novels and Xiqu in style.