基于步行可达性的严寒地区社区养老服务设施生活圈架构路径及设计原则

Walking Accessibility-Based Structural Path and Design Principles of Living Circle for Community Elderly Care Service Facilities in Severe Cold Areas

“十四五”期间我国老龄化进程进入加速阶段,居家养老和社区养老是我国主要的养老模式,但城市既有社区内的社区养老服务设施无法满足养老需求的变化,社区养老服务设施水平亟待提升。近年来生活圈理论的提出为社区服务设施设计提供了理论指导,而步行可达性作为生活圈理论的关键要素,是社区养老服务设施配置的重要影响指标。本文针对严寒地区社区养老服务设施优化的需求,选择典型城市哈尔滨的中心城区道里区为研究对象,利用ARCGIS软件中的OD成本矩阵模型,分析社区养老服务设施现状问题,并在可达性优化目标下对严寒地区生活圈重构方式进行分析,提出严寒地区社区养老服务设施配置原则,为严寒地区养老服务设施配置提供参考。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,China's ageing process has accelerated,and homebased and community-based care are the main modes of ageing in China.However,the existing level of community-based elderly service facilities in urban communities cannot meet the changing needs of the elderly,and is in urgent need of improvement.As a crucial component of the living circle theory,walkability has recently been offered as a theoretical framework for the design of community service facilities.Walkability is a significant influence indicator for the construction of community ageing service facilities.In this study,Daoli District,the central city of Harbin,a typical city,is selected as the research object,and the current state of community elderly service facilities is analysed by using the OD cost matrix model in ARCGIS software to analyse the reconstruction of the living circle in cold areas with the aim of accessibility optimisation,and the principles of the configuration of the community elderly service facilities in cold areas are proposed in order to provide references.The configuration of elderly service facilities in cold areas can draw on the design principles of community elderly service facilities that are put forward.