高质量发展背景下我国高职院校科技成果转化存在的主要问题及突破路径对策——基于广东省“双高计划”建设院校的实证分析

Main Problems Existing in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in China's Higher Polytechnic Colleges Under the Background of High-quality Development and Strategies for Breakthrough Path:Empirical Analysis Based on the Construction of Colleges and Universities Under the"Double High Plan"of Guangdong Province

鉴于当前基于实际案例分析高职院校科技成果转化的相关研究较少,以深圳职业技术大学、深圳信息职业技术学院、广东轻工职业技术学院、广州番禺职业技术学院、顺德职业技术学院为研究对象,通过分析上述广东省5所“双高计划”建设院校2019—2022年的横向技术服务到款额及其产生的经济效益、技术交易到款额、专利授权和转化情况等,总结分析高职院校科研工作的特点,剖析广东省高职院校科技成果转化现状,探讨高职院校科技成果转化水平提升路径。结果发现:高职院校科研工作具有应用性强、区域性明显、服务于中小微企业的政策导向等特征,目前广东省“双高”院校的技术转移转化水平逐年提升,总体发展趋势向好,但不同院校间差距较大,且与全国优质院校仍有一定差距。为进一步提高高职院校科技成果转化水平,针对高职院校在科技成果转化方面转化意识弱、校企合作体制机制不健全、高水平专业化的转化人才不足和科研成果评价体系不完善等问题,提出营造具有科技成果转化意识的职教环境、进一步完善校企合作机制、构建科技成果转化服务体系和建立适合科技成果转化的科研成果质量评价体系的提升路径。

In view of the few related studies on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in polytechnic college based on practical case analysis,taking Shenzhen Polytechnic University,Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology,Guangdong Industry Polytechnic,Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic,and Shunde Polytechnic as the research object,by analyzing the amount of horizontal technical services and its economic benefits,technology transaction amount,patent authorization and transformation,etc.of the above five"Double High Plan"construction universities in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2022,this paper summarizes the characteristics of scientific research work in polytechnic colleges,analyzes their current situation of scientific and technological achievements in Guangdong,and explores the path of improving the transformation level of scientific and technological achievements in polytechnic colleges.The results show that the scientific research work in polytechnic colleges has the characteristics of strong application,obvious regional,policy orientation for small,medium and micro enterprises;at present,the level of technology transfer and transformation of"Double High Plan"construction universities in Guangdong is increasing year by year,and the overall development trend is good,but there is a large gap between different colleges,and there is still a certain gap with other high-quality colleges in China.In order to further improve the transformation level of scientific and technological achievements in polytechnic colleges,in view of the problems existing in the process of transformation of scientific and technological achievements in polytechnic colleges,such as weak transformation awareness,imperfect college-enterprise cooperation system and mechanism,insufficient high-level professional transformation talents,and imperfect scientific research achievement evaluation system,the paper proposes improvement paths to create a vocational education environment with awareness of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,further improve the college-enterprise cooperation mechanism,build a service system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,and establish a scientific research achievement quality evaluation system suitable for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.