光敏抗菌药物及光敏抗菌材料研究进展

Research progress of photosensitive antibacterial drugs and photosensitive antibacterial materials

细菌广义上是一类个体微小、结构简单、生命力顽强的原核生物。它与人类的生活息息相关,是许多疾病的病原体。随着抗生素的滥用,越来越多的细菌产生了耐药性,甚至有的细菌获得了多重耐药性,导致临床上出现了用药困难的世界性难题,因此发展新型的抗菌剂已经迫在眉睫。光动力抗菌是一种新型抗菌疗法,其不仅不易产生耐药性,而且抗菌效果更好,是目前最有希望的一种替代疗法。故本文主要对抗菌光敏药物(卟啉及其衍生物、酞菁及其衍生物、吩噻嗪类光敏剂、其他类光敏剂)以及光敏抗菌材料(光催化抗菌材料、光动力抗菌材料、光热抗菌材料)的开发现状进行综述。

Bacteria are,in a broad sense,a class of prokaryotes with small individuals,simple structures and tenacious vitality.They are closely related to human life and are the pathogens of many diseases.With the abuse of antibiotics,more and more bacteria have developed drug resistance,some bacteria have even acquired multiple drug resistances.As a result,there is a worldwide problem of clinical difficulty in drug use,so the development of new antimicrobial agents is imminent.The photodynamic antibacterial method is a new type of antibacterial therapy.It is not only hard to produce drug resistance but also has a better antibacterial effect.It is the most promising alternative therapy at present.Therefore,this article mainly briefly reviews the development of photosensitive antibacterial drugs(porphyrin and its derivatives,phthation and its derivatives,phenothiazide photosensitive agents,other photosensitive agents)and photosensitive antibacterial materials(photosynthetic antibacterial materials,photodynamic antibacterial materials,photothermal antibacterial materials).