分布式量子计算研究进展

Research progress of distributed quantum computing

量子比特的高效拓展是量子计算获取量子加速优势需要解决的基本问题,分布式量子计算(DQC)因其高度可行性和灵活性,成为解决量子比特拓展问题的关键技术之一。根据芯片间通信方式的不同,分布式量子计算可以分为基于量子隐形传态和基于量子线路拆分的分布式量子计算两种类型,前者主要面向容错量子计算,而后者被认为可在中等规模含噪声量子(NISQ)时代有效提升量子计算机算力。从长远角度来看,作为量子网络的主要应用之一,分布式量子计算可以更好地整合接入量子网络的海量量子计算机以解决高难度问题。首先介绍了分布式量子计算的来源和类型,在此基础上,给出了两类分布式量子计算的基本原理和发展状况,以及关注度较高的应用算法和编译优化方法。

Efficient qubit extension is a fundamental problem that needs to be solved to obtain quantum speedup advantage for quantum computing.Due to its high feasibility and flexibility,distributed quantum computing(DQC)has become one of the key techniques for solving the qubit extension problem.According to different inter-chip communication modes,DQC can be divided into two types,teleportation-based and circuit-cutting-based DQC.The former mainly plays for the fault-tolerant quantum computing,while the latter is considered to effectively enhance the computing power of quantum computers in the noisy intermediate scale quantum(NISQ)era.In the long run,as one of the main applications of quantum network,DQC can efficiently harness the huge number of quantum computers connected to quantum networks to solve non-trivial problems.First,the origin and types of DQC are introduced.Then,the fundamentals and development of the two types of DQC,as well as widely studied application algorithms and compiling optimization methods,are provided.