我国大型飞机风洞试验技术研究现状与发展趋势

Research status and development tendency of large aircraft wind tunnel technologies in China

大型飞机风洞试验技术是大型飞机产业化发展的重要技术基础。本文简要介绍了大型飞机气动布局特点及其风洞试验需求,阐述了近十多年来我国在边界层转捩精确模拟与流动精细化观测、高速风洞试验模型支撑、精细化气动力/气动载荷测量、气动力试验数据修正、气动噪声、结冰与防除冰等大型飞机风洞试验技术研究方面的发展现状,分析了我国现有风洞试验技术能力水平与航空发达国家及未来型号发展需要之间的差距,并提出了下一步发展建议。

Large wind tunnels and related test techniques are indispensible foundation for the development of large aircraft.This article briefly introduces the aerodynamic characteristics of large aircraft and their wind tunnel test requirements.It also elaborates on the research status of large wind tunnel test techniques in China in the past decade,including the accurate simulation of boundary layer transition,flow field visualization,highspeed wind tunnel test model support,fine aerodynamic force/aerodynamic load measurement,aerodynamic force test data correction,aerodynamic noise,ice formation and deicing.It analyzes the gap between China's current wind tunnel test technology ability level and the needs of aviation developed countries and future model development,and puts forward development suggestions for the next step.