育龄女性宫颈分泌物支原体培养及药敏试验结果分析

Analysis on Mycoplasma culture and drug sensitivity test results in cervical secretions of women of reproductive age

目的采集育龄女性宫颈分泌物,开展支原体培养及药敏试验并分析结果,为抗菌药物的合理应用提供依据。方法选择2022年1月—2023年1月在龙岩人民医院妇科门诊就诊及体检的2000例育龄女性作为研究对象,采集所有研究对象宫颈分泌物,采用解脲支原体(UU)和人型支原体(MH)分离鉴定、计数以及药敏检测试剂盒开展支原体培养鉴定与药敏试验,分析各年龄段女性的支原体分布情况。结果培养结果显示,在2000份标本中共检出783份支原体阳性(检出率为39.15%),其中745份为单独UU阳性,10份为单独MH阳性,28份为UU+MH均阳性。比较不同年龄段女性的支原体分布,20~29岁、30~39岁年龄段女性的支原体检出率分别为41.68%,42.10%,40~49岁年龄段女性的支原体检出率为23.51%,<20岁年龄段女性的支原体检出率为19.44%。药敏试验结果显示,UU对美满霉素、强力霉素、四环素、克拉霉素与交沙霉素等敏感,而对阿奇霉素、环丙沙星、罗红霉素、左氧氟沙星、司帕沙星、加替沙星与莫西沙星等耐药。当发生UU+MH混合感染时,对四环素、强力霉素、美满霉素均有较高的敏感率,而对其他抗菌药的耐药率较高。结论通过对育龄女性宫颈分泌物开展支原体培养,结果显示UU的检出率最高,且感染者年龄段主要分布在20~39岁。在药敏试验中,支原体阳性受检者对强力霉素、四环素、美满霉素的敏感率较高,因此上述药物可作为治疗支原体感染的首选用药。

Objective To collect cervical secretions from women of childbearing age,conduct mycoplasma culture and drug sensitivity tests,and analyze the results,providing a basis for the rational use of antibiotics.Methods The 2000 women of childbearing age who underwent physical examinations at the gynecology outpatient department of Longyan People's Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as study subjects.Cervical secretions from all study subjects were collected,and Ureaplasma urealyticum(UU)and Mycoplasma hominis(MH)were isolated,identified and counted,and drug sensitivity test kits were used to carry out Mycoplasma culture identification and drug sensitivity tests.The distribution of Mycoplasma in different age groups was analyzed.Results After cultivation,it was found that a total of 783 Mycoplasma positive samples(39.15%)were detected in 2000 specimens,of which 745 samples were positive for UU,10 samples were positive for MH,and 28 samples were positive for UU+MH.In the distribution of Mycoplasma in different age groups,the detectable rates of Mycoplasma in 20-29 and 30-39 years old women were 41.68%and 42.10%,respectively.The detectable rates in 40-49 and<20 years old women were 23.51%and 19.44%,respectively.The results of the drug sensitivity test showed that UU was sensitive to Methicillin,Doxycycline,Tetracycline,Clarithromycin and Doxorubicin,while resistant to Azithromycin,Ciprofloxacin,Roxithromycin,Levofloxacin,Sparfloxacin,Gatifloxacin and Moxifloxacin.When a mixed infection of UU+MH occured,there was a high sensitivity to Tetracycline,Doxycycline and Minocycline,while resistance to other antibiotics was higher.Conclusions Through the cultivation of Mycoplasma in cervical secretions of women of childbearing age,the results showed that the detectable rate of UU is the highest,and the proportion of Mycoplasma detection was highest in 20-39 years old women.In drug sensitivity tests,positive individuals are more sensitive to Doxycycline,Tetracycline and Minocycline,so they could be used as preferred medication for treating Mycoplasma infection.