山地景区康复性景观评价指标体系构建与实证

Construction and Evidence of Evaluation Index System of Therapeutic Landscape in Mountain Scenic Areas

山地景区康复性景观的科学分类与评价,可为山地康养旅游规划开发提供理论基础与方法论,而现有研究尚未深入。本研究结合文献研究、层次分析法和德尔菲法,构建了山地景区康复性景观分类体系与评价指标体系,并以云南丽江玉龙雪山景区为实证案例地,进行了康复性景观类型识别与系统评价。结果表明:(1)山地景区康复性景观分为自然康复性景观与人文康复性景观。其中自然康复性景观包含地文康复性景观、水域康复性景观、生物康复性景观与气象康复性景观,人文康复性景观包含建筑与设施康复性景观、历史遗迹康复性景观与人文活动康复性景观。(2)山地景区康复性景观评价指标体系具体包含生理健康、心理健康、社会健康与精神健康四个一级指标以及17个二级指标。(3)云南丽江玉龙雪山景区各类康复性景观评价结果均处于“较好”的评价等级,其中地文康复性景观与水域康复性景观的得分位居前二。本研究可为山地景区建设健康旅游目的地提供理论支持,亦可为山地景区康复性景观评价提供案例借鉴与方法参考。

Scientific categorization and evaluation of therapeutic landscape of mountain scenic areas can provide theoretical basis and methodology for mountain recreation tourism planning and health tourism development;unfortunately previous research on the evaluation of mountain therapeutic landscape was not in-depth.This study combined literature review,Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),and Delphi method to build a classification system and evaluation index system of therapeutic landscape of mountains,which then was justified by a case study of the Yulong Snow Mountain scenic spot in Lijiang,Yunnan,China.It found(1)mountain therapeutic landscape at scenic spots could be divided into natural therapeutic landscape and humanistic therapeutic landscape,in which natural therapeutic landscape included physiographic therapeutic landscape,water area therapeutic landscape,biological therapeutic landscape and meteorological therapeutic landscape;humanistic therapeutic landscape included architecture and facilities therapeutic landscape,historical relics therapeutic landscape and human activity therapeutic landscape.(2)An evaluation index system of mountain therapeutic landscape at scenic spots composed of four first-level indexes,which were physiological health,mental health,social health and spiritual health,and 17 second-level indexes.(3)All kind of therapeutic landscapes in the scenic spots of the Yulong Snow Mountain were in the evaluation grade of good,of which the scores of geomorphological therapeutic landscape and water therapeutic landscape were in the top two.The study could provide theoretical support for the construction of health tourism destinations in mountain scenic areas.Furthermore,it could also provide case reference and methodological reference for the evaluation of therapeutic landscape in mountain scenic areas.