江西省鄱阳县典型湖泊浮游植物群落结构变化及分析

Changes in phytoplankton community structure in typical lakes of Poyang county of Jiangxi province

为研究典型湖泊浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系,选取江西省鄱阳县自然湖泊道汊湖、城市景观湖东湖、养殖湖上土湖为研究对象,于2018-2021年每年的春季(5月)、秋季(10月)进行采样。样品分析共鉴定出浮游植物8门73种,浮游植物优势门类均为绿藻门和硅藻门,其次为蓝藻门。道汊湖的主要优势种有色球藻、微囊藻、平裂藻、鱼腥藻、长孢藻;东湖的主要优势种有衣藻、十字藻、盘星藻、色球藻、微囊藻、长孢藻;上土湖的主要优势种有微囊藻、平裂藻、鱼腥藻、长孢藻。研究期间,三个湖泊浮游植物群落结构在不同年份不同季节有显著差异,其变化主要是浮游植物优势种属间再分配。影响道汊湖浮游植物群落结构变化的主要环境因子是温度(WT)、透明度(SD)、溶解氧(DO)、高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn));影响东湖浮游植物群落结构变化的主要环境因子是SD、TN、TP、COD_(Mn);影响上土湖浮游植物群落结构变化的主要环境因子是WT、SD、光照强度、DO、叶绿素a(Chla)。

In order to study the structure of phytoplankton communities in typical lakes and its relationship with environmental factors,the natural lake of Daocha lake,the cityscape lake of East lake,and the aquacultural lake of Shangtu lake were selected as the research objects.Samples were taken in the spring(May)and autumn(October)of each year from 2018 to 2021.Sample analysis showed that a total of phytoplankton including 73 species of 8 phyla were identified,all dominated by the phyla of chlorophyta and bacillariophyta,followed by cyanophyta.The dominant species of Daocha lake are chroococcus,microcystis,merismopedia,anabaena,dolichospermum;The dominant species of East lake are chlamydomonas,crucigenia,pediastrum,chroococcus,microcystis,dolichospermum;The dominant species of Shangtu lake are microcystis,merismopedia,anabaena,dolichospermum.During the study period,the structure of the phytoplankton communities in the three lakes varied significantly in different years and seasons,and the changes were mainly resulted from the redistribution of phytoplankton dominant species.The main environmental factors affecting the change of phytoplankton community structure in Daocha lake were WT,SD,DO and COD_(Mn).The main environmental factors affecting the change of phytoplankton community structure in East lake were SD,TN,TP,COD_(Mn).The main environmental factors affecting the change of phytoplankton community structure in Shangtu lake were WT,SD,light intensity,DO,Chla.