湖南省自然灾害易发区乡镇地名景观时空分布

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF TOWNSHIP PLACE NAMES IN NATURAL DISASTER PRONE AREAS OF HUNAN PROVINCE

地名是一个地区自然地理环境与人类社会活动特征的重要反映。运用ArcGIS核密度估计法和文化地理学的方法,对湖南省自然灾害易发区的乡镇地名进行时空演化特征分析,探究地名的形成原因。结果表明:(1)清朝以来,地名数量随时间呈增加趋势;与灾害相关的地名中以洪涝灾害相关地名居多。(2)空间上,自然景观类地名主要集中在洞庭湖平原中部和南部地区;人文景观类地名主要分布在洞庭湖平原西北部和东南部地区;与自然灾害相关的地名主要分布在修筑堤垸的江河流域。(3)自然地理条件是地名文化景观形成的基础因素;经济发展、民族风俗、政策和人口迁移融合推动了地名景观的发展;与自然灾害相关地名形成的关键因素是洪涝灾害频发。

Place names are an important reflection of the natural geographical environment of a region and the characteristics of human social activities.In this paper,using the ArcGIS kernel density estimation method and cultural geography method,the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of township place names in natural disaster prone areas of Hunan Province are analyzed to explore the causes of places name.The results show that:(1)Since the Qing Dynasty,the number of place names has increased over time;most of the place names associated with disasters are flood-related place names.(2)Spatially,the natural landscape place names are mainly concentrated in the central and southern areas of the Dongting Lake Plain;the cultural landscape place names are mainly distributed in the northwest and southeast of the Dongting Lake Plain.The place names related to natural disasters are mainly distributed in the river basins where embankments are built.(3)Natural geographical conditions are the basic factors for the formation of cultural landscapes of geographical names;the integration of economic development,ethnic customs,policies and population migration promotes the development of geographical names and landscapes;the key factor in the formation of place names related to natural disasters is the frequent occurrence of flood disasters.