内压作用下车载储氢瓶抗典型破片冲击数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation study on resistance of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder to typical fragment impact under internal pressure

针对大质量低速破片对典型车载Ⅲ型储氢瓶的冲击行为,利用LS-DYNA有限元仿真软件建立了典型车载储氢瓶的破片冲击模型,重点研究了在不同内压及破片与瓶体不同夹角下气瓶的冲击响应,并探讨了其损伤数据的变化规律。结果表明:内压与损伤深度及损伤面积都呈现出显著的负相关的关系,总体上呈现先急后缓的趋势,可见内压对于储氢瓶起到了一定的保护作用;当破片与瓶体夹角为90°时,气瓶被穿透,破片着靶角度45°比着靶角度0°对气瓶损伤效果更低;当储氢瓶内压较高时,由于纤维层被破坏,内压会对气瓶造成损伤。由此可见,内压对储氢瓶的防护效果的影响是显著的,但由于碳纤维材料特性,其防护能力较低,建议实际使用时添加外部防护单元。

A study was conducted to investigate the impact behavior of a typical vehicle-mounted TypeⅢhydrogen storage tank under the impact of large mass low-speed fragments.Using LS-DYNA finite element simulation software,a fragment impact model of the typical vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tank was established.The focus was on studying the impact response of the tank under different internal pressures and different angles between the fragments and the tank body,as well as exploring the variation of damage data.The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between internal pressure and damage depth as well as damage area,which shows an overall trend of first rapid increase and then slow increase,indicating that internal pressure plays a certain protective role for the hydrogen storage tank.When the angle between the fragment and the tank body is 90°,the tank is penetrated,while at 45°angle,the effect of damage of fragments on the tank is lower than that at 0°angle.When the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank is higher,the fiber layers are damaged,and the internal pressure causes damage to the tank.From this,it can be seen that the impact of internal pressure on the protective effect of hydrogen storage bottles is significant.However,due to the characteristics of carbon fiber materials,their protective ability is relatively low.It is recommended to add external protective units during actual use.