79例新型冠状病毒感染者消化道症状及其生化特征分析

Analysis of Digestive Tract Symptoms and Biochemical Characteristics of 79 Patients Infected with Corona Virus Disease 2019

目的:分析新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)老年组与非老年组患者的消化道症状及实验室指标特征。方法:回顾性选取2022年12月至2023年1月深圳市大鹏新区葵涌人民医院收治的79例轻型及普通型COVID-19患者作为研究对象,根据年龄分为老年组(≥60岁,35例)和非老年组(<60岁,44例),比较两组患者消化道症状及实验室指标。结果:两组患者食欲下降症状比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者腹胀恶心、腹痛、腹泻症状比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素、间接胆红素、直接胆红素等生化指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者C反应蛋白(CRP)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平进行比较发现,其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而在两组患者的肌酐水平比较中,老年组患者的肌酐水平高于非老年组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但均值仍在正常范围。老年组粪便潜血阳性发生率为14.28%(5/35),非老年组发生率为18.18%(8/44),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。老年组患者血清白蛋白水平显著低于非老年组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在轻型及普通型COVID-19患者中,老年组与非老年组感染、生化等指标差异性不明显,但老年组出现消化道症状概率更高,血清白蛋白含量显著下降。老年组中食欲下降等消化道症状的出现,可能是该组患者出现血清白蛋白下降的重要原因之一。

Objective To analyze the digestive tract symptoms and laboratory indexes of elderly and non-elderly patients with corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods Seventy-nine patients with mild and common COVID-19 admitted to Shenzhen Dapeng New District Kuichong People's Hospital from December 2022 to January 2023 were selected retrospectively.According to their age,they were divided into elderly group( ≥ 60 years old,35 cases) and non-elderly group(< 60 years old,44 cases),and the digestive tract symptoms and laboratory indexes of the two groups were compared.Results The difference in symptoms of decreased appetite between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the symptoms of abdominal distension,nausea,abdominal pain and diarrhea between the two groups of patients(P > 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in indicators such as alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin indirect bilirubin,and direct bilirubin between the two groups of patients(P > 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of C-reactive protein(CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) between the two groups(P > 0.05).The comparison of creatinine in the elderly group showed that higher than than of the non-elderly group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05),but the average is still within the normal range.The incidence of fecal occult blood positivity in the elderly group was 14.28%(5/35),while the incidence in the non-elderly group was 18.18%(8/44),with no statistically significant difference(P > 0.05).The serum albumin level in the elderly group was significantly lower than that in the non-elderly group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Conclusion In patients with mild and common COVID-19,there is no obvious difference in infection,biochemistry and other indicators between the elderly group and the non-elderly group,but the elderly group has a higher probability of developing digestive tract symptoms,and the serum albumin content is significantly decreased.The occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms such as decreased appetite in the elderly group may be one of the important reasons for the decrease of serum albumin in this group of patients.