2000-2020年洱源县生态敏感性时空变化分析

Analysis of spatiotemporal changes in ecological sensitivity in Eryuan County from 2000 to 2020

以云南省大理白族自治州洱源县为研究对象,采用ENVI与ArcGIS进行数据处理,构建多因子生态敏感性评价指标体系,开展单因子、综合敏感性评价。结果表明,2000-2020年洱源县植被覆盖指数、土地利用类型、综合生态敏感性的不敏感区、轻度敏感区、中度敏感区面积占比呈减少趋势;植被覆盖指数、土地利用类型、综合生态敏感性的高度敏感区面积占比呈增加趋势,分别增加了31.47、21.85、20.76个百分点;植被覆盖指数的高度敏感区从零星分布到“川”字型分布;土地利用类型的高度敏感区分布在除三营镇、邓川镇山间盆地外的大部地区;综合生态敏感性的不敏感区和轻度敏感区分布范围逐步缩小,主要分布于山间盆地,高度敏感区主要分布在洱源县东部及中部的罗坪山脉。洱源县高度敏感区面积快速增加,洱海流域生态保护政策的实施是其根本原因。

Taking Eryuan County,Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province as the research object,ENVI and ArcGIS were used for data processing to construct a multi factor ecological sensitivity evaluation index system,and single factor and comprehensive sensitivity evaluations were carried out.The results showed that from 2000 to 2020,the proportion of non sensitive areas,mild sensi-tive areas,and moderate sensitive areas of vegetation coverage index,land use type,and comprehensive ecological sensitivity in Eryu-an County showed a decreasing trend;the proportion of highly sensitive areas in vegetation coverage index,land use type,and compre-hensive ecological sensitivity showed an increasing trend,increasing by 31.47,21.85,and 20.76 percentage points,respectively;the highly sensitive areas of vegetation coverage index range from sporadic distribution to a“Chuan”shaped distribution;the highly sensi-tive areas of land use types were distributed in most areas except for the mountainous basins in Sanying Town and Dengchuan Town;the distribution range of non sensitive and lightly sensitive areas of comprehensive ecological sensitivity was gradually shrinking,main-ly distributed in mountain basins,while highly sensitive areas were mainly distributed in Luoping Mountains in the eastern and central Eryuan County.The rapid increase in the area of highly sensitive areas in Eryuan County was fundamentally due to the implementation of ecological protection policies in the Erhai River Basin.