拉美现代化评析

Modernization in Latin America:Chinese Academic Views

拉美是第三世界中最早开始现代化建设的地区,是后发现代化的“实验室”。拉美地区先后经历了古典自由主义、发展主义、新自由主义、后新自由主义四种现代化战略,以及初级产品出口、进口替代工业化、新型出口导向和再工业化四种经济发展模式。拉美现代化的实践既有成功的经验,也有失败的教训。拉美国家尤其是该地区主要经济大国巴西、阿根廷、墨西哥等在现代化进程中的探索,为发展中国家现代化建设提供了多种多样的经验和教训。随着中拉关系的迅速发展,拉美现代化进程越来越受到我国学界关注,在拉美现代化的一些问题上也出现不同看法和观点。当前,拉美各国仍在基于自身国情自主探索各具特色的现代化之路,这些最新动态也值得我们继续跟踪研究。

Latin America was the first region in the Third World to initiate modernization,and it is a “laboratory” for latecomers to modernize.Latin America has experienced four modernization strategies:classical liberalism,developmentalism,neoliberalism,and post-neoliberalism,as well as four economic development models:export of primary product,import substitution industrialization,new export orientation,and re-industrialization.The practice of modernization in Latin America has both successful experiences and failed lessons.Latin American countries,especially Brazil,Argentina,and Mexico,which are major economic powers in the region,have provided various experiences and lessons about modernization for developing countries in their exploration of the modernization process.With the rapid development of Sino-Latin America relations,the process of modernization in Latin America has attracted more and more attention from Chinese scholars with different perspectives and views.At present,Latin American countries are still exploring their own paths of modernization that suit their national conditions,and these latest developments are also worthy of our continued follow-up study.