“双碳”背景下贵州喀斯特洞穴贮藏保鲜研究

Research on Storage and Preservation of Guizhou Karst Caves under the Background of"Dual Carbon"

在国家“双碳”战略背景下,贵州省出台了《贵州省节能减排“十四五”综合工作方案》,确定了到2025年全省单位地区生产总值能耗比2020年下降13%,力争完成14.5%的激励目标。制定了绿色高效制冷行动等一系列节能减排计划。贵州作为喀斯特地区,岩溶发育强烈,喀斯特洞穴遍布全境,对果蔬储藏保鲜具有较高的实用价值。本文根据《贵州节能减排“十四五”综合工作方案》目标及要求,对贵州喀斯特山区洞穴资源禀赋和果蔬贮藏保鲜的需求现状及碳排放量过高等问题进行分析,以贵州省喀斯特洞穴和目前贮藏保鲜需求较大的“辣椒、百香果、李子和洋芋”作为研究对象,通过对试验洞穴环境因子的监测、试验果蔬生理指标的检测,构建出喀斯特洞穴保鲜储藏关键技术体系。研究表明:喀斯特洞穴贮藏技术具有“贮藏空间大、节约土地资源、减少设施投入、无化学试剂、保鲜效果好、降低能源消耗、减少碳排放”等特点,是一种“高效、安全、低成本、节能源、无污染,且贮藏量大”的新型低碳环保技术,符合冷链产业绿色高效的发展方向,建议在喀斯特洞穴数量较多的地区推广运用。

In the context of the national"dual-carbon"strategy,Guizhou Province has issued the"Guizhou Province Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction"14th Five-Year Plan"Comprehensive Work Programme",which determines that the province's energy consumption per unit of GDP will be reduced by 13%by 2025 as compared with 2020,and strives to achieve the incentive target of 14.5%.The incentive target of 14.5 per cent has been set.A series of energy saving and emission reduction plans have been formulated,such as the Green and Efficient Refrigeration Initiative.Guizhou,as a karst region with strong karst development and karst caves throughout the territory,has high practical value for fruit and vegetable storage and preservation.In this paper,according to the"Guizhou energy saving and emission reduction"14th Five-Year"comprehensive work programme"objectives and requirements of Guizhou karst mountain cave resource endowment and fruit and vegetable storage and preservation of the demand for the status quo and carbon emissions are too high and other issues are analysed,in order to the karst caves in Guizhou Province and the current storage demand for larger"pepper,Passion fruit,plum and taro"as the research object,through the monitoring of the environmental factors of the test caves,the test fruits and vegetables physiological indicators of the test,to build a key technology system of karst cave freshness preservation and storage.The study shows that:karst cave storage technology has the characteristics of"large storage space,saving land resources,reducing the input of facilities,no chemical reagents,good preservation effect,reduce energy consumption,reduce carbon emissions",it is a kind of"high efficiency,safety,low cost,energy-saving,non-polluting,and large storage capacity"It is a new type of low-carbon and environmentally friendly technology,which is in line with the direction of green and efficient development of the cold chain industry,and is recommended to be promoted and applied in areas with a large number of karst caves.