永磁同步电动机退磁故障的分析与实验研究

Analysis and Experimental Research on Demagnetization Fault of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

永磁同步电动机(PMSM)因其特有的永磁体结构,和感应电动机相比,存在着不可逆的退磁风险;同时电动机是一个强耦合系统,永磁体发生退磁会导致电动机的损坏,给电动机拖动系统带来严重的后果。分析了永磁体的退磁机理,对各种退磁情况进行了比较研究。以一台4极24槽的表贴式PMSM为例,对直接设定的均匀退磁和局部退磁进行比较分析,得到相应物理量的变化以及退磁故障诊断的方法,并进行了实验验证。通过退磁研究可以判断电动机故障为快速排除故障提供依据,提高生产效率。

Compared with the induction motor,permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)has irreversible demagnetization risks due to its unique permanent magnet structure.Because the motor is an interconnected system,demagnetization failure of permanent magnets can cause damage of the motor,ultimately resulting in serious consequences for the motor drive system.Demagnetization principle of permanent magnet is analyzed and then comparative research is conducted on various demagnetization situations.Taking a surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor with 4 poles and 24 slots as an example,a comparative analysis is conducted on uniform demagnetization and local demagnetization directly set.The corresponding changes in physical quantities and methods for determining demagnetization faults are obtained.Finally,experimental verification is conducted.