自动化无人化技术在铁路货车轮轴组装检修中的应用

Application of Automated Unmanned Technology in Railway Freight Car Wheel Axle Assembly and Maintenance

轮轴检修对铁路货车运行安全性、经济性、可靠性具有重要意义。目前铁路货车轮轴检修存在自动化程度低、人工作业隐患大、工艺流程不合理等问题,随着轮轴技术及管理现代化进程的不断推进,既有轮轴检修工艺流程和装备已无法满足铁路货运改革发展的需要。通过对济南西车辆段轮轴检修问题的分析,提出了轮轴检修组装自动化、无人化改造方案,从轮对收入分解、车轴加工、车轮加工、轮对组装4条流水线和中控系统进行了整体改造优化。方案应用后,提高了设备自动化水平,避免了人工作业安全隐患,生产人员大幅减少,工艺流程顺畅,提升了检修质量以及生产能力,为铁路货车轮轴检修工作探索出新的道路。

Railway wheel-axle overhaul is of great practical significance to the safety,economy and reliability of freight car operation.At present,there are still some problems in railway wheel-axle overhaul,such as low automation degree,big hidden danger of manual operation and unreasonable technological process.With the continuous advancement of wheel-axle technology and management modernization,the existing wheel-axle overhaul technological process and equipment can no longer meet the needs of railway freight reform and development.Based on the analysis of wheel-axle maintenance in Jinan West Depot,this paper put forward an automatic and unmanned scheme of wheel-axle maintenance and assembly,and optimized the overall transformation from four assembly lines of wheelset revenue decomposition,wheel processing,axle processing and wheelset assembly and the central control system.After the application of the scheme,the automation level of equipment was improved,the hidden dangers of manual operation were avoided,the production personnel was greatly reduced,the process flow was smooth,the maintenance quality and production capacity were improved.It's a new road of exploring for the maintenance of wheel-axle for railway freight car.