高等教育内涵式发展背景下高等教育评估的困境与应对

Dilemma of Higher Education Evaluation and Countermeasures in the Context of Higher-education Intensive Development

在应然层面,高等教育评估能够引导高等教育向“内涵式”方向发展、促进教育本体“内涵式”回归、实现教育效益“内涵式”提升。然而,在高等教育内涵式发展视角下高等教育评估存在着量化评估模式与内涵式发展高质量评估的要求错位、评估忽视内源性需求致使高等教育偏离本位、评估模式单一化引发高校发展同质化风险、评估法律规范滞后制约高等教育内涵式发展的现实困境。高校要深刻把握高等教育内涵式发展的核心意蕴,坚持“政府宏观把控、高校协调落实”的高等教育评估方式,以“量化评估”补强“质性评估”实现高等教育高质量评估,通过建立融合高校特色的弹性评估标准破除高校发展同质化风险,从实体与程序两个层面入手保障高等教育评估的法治化运行。

In the aspect of necessity,higher education evaluation should guide higher education towards intensive development,promote educational entities back to their original intensive development and improve education benefits based on intensive development.However,from the perspective of intensive development,there are some practical dilemmas in the evaluation of higher education,such as the mismatch between the quantitative evaluation mode and the requirements for high-quality evaluation on intensive development;the neglect of endogenous needs in evaluation that leads to higher education deviating from its original mission,the single evaluation mode that leads to the risk of homogenization in the development of universities,and the lag of evaluation legal norms that restricts intensive development of higher education.Therefore,the authors propose that higher-learning institutions should firmly grasp the core meaning of the intensive development of higher education,adhere to the higher education evaluation method of “macro-control by the government and coordinated implementation by universities”,and strengthen “qualitative evaluation” with “quantitative evaluation” so as to achieve high-quality evaluation of higher education.The authors also propose eliminating the risk of homogenized development of universities by establishing flexible evaluation standards and guaranteeing the higher education evaluation operation under the rule of law from the aspects of entity and procedure.