瓜类嫁接机切削夹持机构设计

Design of cutting clamping mechanism of melon grafting machine

分别以西瓜和葫芦为接穗和砧木,采用贴接法嫁接,以旋转切削方式针对砧木和接穗切削问题以及夹持装置进行研究。为了使切削和夹持装置有效地配合,采用交叉式间歇切削的瓜类嫁接切削夹持机构方案,能够完成秧苗的夹持、切削工作。该装置将切刀圆心和半径固定,以接穗和砧木的切削弧面比值作为贴合率,衡量切削质量。经过计算得出按长轴切削,接穗切削角为30°、砧木切削角为40°时,贴合率达到99.05%;按短轴切削,接穗切削角为30°、砧木切削角为45°时,贴合率达到99.14%,满足设计要求。为了使夹持装置和切削装置能够配合得到切削角,采用旋转切刀架角度的方式进行切削角匹配,方便快捷,并通过仿真验证了结构的可行性。

Using watermelon and gourd as scion and rootstock respectively,the grafting method was adopted,and the cutting problems of rootstock and scion and the clamping device were studied by rotary cutting.In order to make the cutting and clamping device cooperate effectively,the melon grafting cutting clamping mechanism scheme using cross-type intermittent cutting could complete the clamping and cutting work of seedlings.The device fixed the center and the radius of the cutter,taking the scion and rootstock cutting arc ratio as the lamination rate to measure the cutting quality.After calculation,to cut by the long axis,the scion cutting angle was 30°,the rootstock cutting angle was 40°,the lamination rate reached 99.05%;to cut by the short shaft,the scion cutting angle was 30°,the rootstock cutting angle was 45°,the lamination rate reached 99.14%,meeting the design requirements.In order to make the clamping device and the cutting device cooperate to obtain the cutting angle,the cutting angle matching was carried out by rotating the angle of the cutting tool holder,which was convenient and fast.The structural feasibility was verified by simulating the mechanism.