重庆地区近10年住宅环境因素与儿童过敏性疾病的关联变化

Changes of correlation between residential environment factors andchildren's allergic diseases in past decade in Chongqing

基于2010年和2019年重庆地区住宅环境与儿童健康重复大样本横断面调研数据,采用二元logistic回归对比分析了10年前后住宅环境因素与儿童过敏性疾病的关联变化。结果显示:与10年前相比,很多与儿童过敏性疾病显著相关的因素在10年后并未呈现显著性,如住宅位置、住宅建筑类型、住宅建筑面积、怀孕期间重新装修、卫生间安装有机械通风设备;部分对儿童过敏性疾病无显著影响的因素在10年后调研中显著增加了儿童过敏性疾病患病风险,如室内购置新家具、住宅周边环境为工业区、儿童卧室墙壁材料使用乳胶漆(与石灰、水泥相比);10年后住宅周边环境为商业区不再显著增加儿童成长期患过敏性鼻炎和现患鼻炎症状的风险,但会显著增加儿童成长期患湿疹的风险,而夜晚降低儿童卧室通风频率降低了儿童患过敏性疾病的风险。研究结果可为认识住宅环境变化对儿童过敏性疾病影响的关联关系及改善儿童住宅居住环境提供一定的指导和参考。

Based on the repeated cross-sectional surveys'data of residential environments and children's health outcomes in Chongqing in 2010 and 2019,this study adopts the binary logistic regression to analyse the changes of the correlation between residential environment factors and children's allergic diseases before and after 10 years.The results show that many factors that are significantly associated with allergic diseases in children are not significant after 10 years compared to 10 years ago,such as residential location,residential building type,residential floor area,redecoration during pregnancy,and installation of mechanical ventilation in toilets.Some of the factors that don't have a significant effect on allergic diseases in children significantly increase the risk of allergic diseases in children after 10 years,such as the purchase of new furniture in the interior,an industrial area surrounding the residence,and the use of latex paint(compared with lime and cement)in the wall materials of children's bedrooms.After 10 years,the residence proximity to a commercial area no longer significantly increases the risk of allergic rhinitis in childhood and present rhinitis symptoms,but it significantly increases the risk of eczema in childhood,and reducing the frequency of ventilation in children's bedrooms at night reduces the risk of allergic diseases in children.This study results can provide some guidance and reference for understanding the relationship between the change of residential environment and the influence of children's allergic diseases and improving children's residential environment.