混合灰色关联和有限元法的铝合金三明治板轻量化设计

Lightweight Design of Aluminum Alloy Sandwich Panel by Mixing Gray Correlation and Finite Element Method

汽车轻量化设计是实现节能减排的重要途径,为设计出性能优良的铝合金三明治货车防滑踏板,针对不同芯层结构的铝合金三明治板展开研究;建立了I型、V型、U型三种芯层结构的铝合金三明治板结构模型;应用有限元法对实际工况下I型、V型、U型三种芯层结构的铝合金板的应力、位移值进行分析,并基于灰色关联法建立以质量、最大挠度、最大应力为变量的综合性能评价函数,得出V型铝合金三明治板为优选结构;以上、下板以及芯层厚度为优化变量,质量最小化为优化目标,分别采用全局响应面法及可行方向法对V型铝合金板进行尺寸优化,并对优化结果进行对比分析,发现两种方法优化方式均有较好的优化结果,但基于可行方向法的迭代时间更短、效率更高,优化后铝合金板减重约29.5%,具有很好的应用价值。

The lightweight design of automobiles is an important way to achieve energy saving and emission reduction.In order to design excellent performance aluminum alloy sandwich truck anti-skid pedal,research has been carried out on aluminum alloy sandwich plates with different core layer structures;three types of I type,V type and U type have been established.A core layer structure of aluminum alloy sandwich panel structure model;the use of finite element method to analyze the stress and displacement values of three core layer structures of I-type,V-type and U-type aluminum alloy plates under actual working conditions,and based on gray correlation The method establishes a comprehensive performance evaluation function with quality,maximum deflection,and maximum stress as variables,and obtains that the V-shaped aluminum alloy sandwich panel is the optimal structure;the upper,lower,and core layer thicknesses are the optimization variables,and the quality minimization is the optimization goal.The global response surface method and the feasible direction method are used to optimize the size of the V-shaped aluminum alloy plate,and the optimization results are compared and analyzed.It is found that the optimization methods of the two methods have better optimization results,but the iteration time based on the feasible direction method is longer.Shorter and more efficient,the weight of the optimized aluminum alloy plate is reduced by 29.5%,which has good application value.