细胞外囊泡产生机制研究进展

Progress in the underlying mechanism for production of extracellular vesicles

细胞外囊泡(EVs)是包载有蛋白质、核酸、脂质和小分子物质的脂质双分子层纳米囊泡。EVs在不同生理病理条件下均具有重要作用,但EVs的高度异质性严重阻碍了EVs的功能研究。EVs产生机制的多样性是EVs高度异质性产生的主要原因,阐释EVs的产生机制有助于其功能的确定和应用。本文简要介绍了EVs的命名和分类,重点综述了EVs的产生机制。

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are lipid bilayer vesicles encapsulating many proteins,nucleic acids,lipids,and small molecule metabolites.Studies have shown that EVs play important roles under physiological and pathological conditions.The EVs are highly heterogenous,which is due to the diverse mechanisms underlying the EV production,and the heterogeneity severely impeded the functional elucidation of EVs.Therefore,the elucidation of the underlying mechanism for EV production is critical for the advance of the functional investigation and the application of EVs in health and disease.This paper briefly introduces the nomenclature and classification of EVs and mainly focuses on the underlying mechanism for EV production.