农村地区秸秆固化成型利用最佳收集半径研究——以成都市为例

The Optimum Collection Radius of Densified Straw Utilization in Rural Areas:A Case Study of Chengdu

实现农村地区大量零碳秸秆资源能源化利用的第一步是需要解决秸秆原料收集半径难以确定等问题。为此,基于“代加工”模式和成都市农村地区秸秆资源量等基础信息,并根据农作物实际的种植时间,建立了适合农村地区的秸秆收集半径计算模型,确定了具有最佳经济性的秸秆最佳收集半径和相应半径下用秸秆颗粒替代煤炭的环境效益。结果表明,成都市秸秆资源丰富,2021年理论秸秆资源总量为389.48万t,其中谷类秸秆和油菜秸秆的资源量最多,分别占总量的51.09%和21.12%。成都市农村地区秸秆最佳收集半径为5.92km,对应的秸秆颗粒生产成本约483.00元·t^(-1),明显低于购买商品化秸秆颗粒(约600元·t^(-1))和燃煤(约950元·t^(-1))的价格,颗粒总产量为33750.17t。秸秆收集半径受单位面积秸秆资源量和运输车辆设计参数的影响最大,而受其他参数的影响较小。若使用秸秆颗粒替代煤炭燃料,将减少41.99%的CO,85.76%的PM2.5,99.44%的SO2排放以及51346t的CO_(2)排放,具有显著的环境效益。

The first step to utilize rich straw resources as fuels in rural areas is to solve the problems including the difficulty in determining the collection radius.Therefore,this study built a straw collection radius model based on Original Equipment Manufacturing(OEM)model and the basic information on straw resources in rural areas of Chengdu.The optimum straw collection radius with the best economics was determined,and the environmental benefits after replacing coal with straw pellets under this radius were evaluated.The results revealed that the straw resources in Chengdu was abundant,and the theoretical straw resources in 2021 was 3.8948 million tons.Grain straw and rape straw were the dominant straw types,accounting for 51.33%and 21.12%,respectively.The optimum straw collection radius in rural areas of Chengdu was 5.92 km,the corresponded production cost was 483.00 CNY·t^(-1),which was much lower than the purchased straw pellet and coal prices(600 CNY·t^(-1) and 950 CNY·t^(-1)),and the production capacity was 33750.17 t.Straw resources per unit area and the design parameters of vehicle were the most sensitive parameters in determining the collection radius.After replacing coal with straw pellets,41.99%of CO,85.76%of PM2.5,99.44%of SO2,and 51346 t of CO_(2) emissions will be reduced,which indicated significant environmental benefits.