重大疫情防控中稀缺卫生资源分配的伦理思考

Reflection on the Allocation of Scarce Healthcare Resources during the Major Pandemic Prevention and Control

从目前国际上对稀缺卫生资源分配的主要伦理观点和存在的伦理困境入手,重点介绍了美国伊利诺伊大学医学中心的稀缺资源分配决策模型和中国新冠病毒感染疫情期间稀缺卫生资源分配决策模式,认为坚持对健康权和生命权的尊重是稀缺卫生资源分配应坚持的首要伦理原则,建议国家层面需建立稀缺卫生资源分配管理部门以及由相关专家和社区代表组成的稀缺卫生资源分配决策委员会,通过制定以实质公正和医学条件为标准的分配机制,以应对稀缺卫生资源分配中可能出现的伦理问题。

Starting from the current international ethical viewpoints on the allocation of scarce healthcare resources and the ethical dilemmas that exist,this paper focuses on introducing the scarce resource allocation decision-making model at the University of Illinois Medical Center in the United States and the decision-making model during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.It argues that upholding respect for the rights to health and life is the primary ethical principle that should be upheld in the allocation of scarce health resources.This paper suggests that it is necessary to establish a management department for scarce health resource allocation at the national level,as well as a decision-making committee for scarce health resource allocation composed of relevant experts and community representatives,to address ethical issues that may arise in the allocation of scarce health resources by developing an allocation mechanism based on substantive fairness and medical conditions.