基于放宽静稳定度空空导弹重定向研究

Study on Heading Reversal of Air-to-Air Missile Based on Relaxed Static Stability

采用放宽静稳定度设计,利用空空导弹静不稳定性产生的气动力矩,设计了空空导弹重定向使用流程,提出了空空导弹完成重定向的运动学标志。根据细长体理论和粘性横流理论分析了空空导弹重定向过程中的气动力和力矩,认为无控细长旋成体无法满足本文提出的完成重定向的运动学标志,必须增加气动舵面或直接力等控制方式。以大长细比鸭式舵身的简单组合体为研究对象,采用工程理论方法获取0°~180°攻角范围内气动特性,并计算了重定向过程中空空导弹轨迹和姿态。结果表明,本文提出的基于放宽静稳定度的重定向技术能够在1.15 s内实现空空导弹安全、快速、稳定的重定向。最后,分析了空空导弹重定向过程中应该注意的关键设计问题。

The heading reversal of air-to-air missile is designed based on relaxed static stability and aerodynamic torque generated by static instability of air-to-air missile,and the kinematic sign is proposed.The slender body theory and the viscous crossflow theory are used to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics involved in the redirection of air-to-air missile.The slender body is assumed to be incapable of achieving the proposed kinematic sign of completing redirection,and it is necessary to increase control techniques such as aerodynamic rudder surface or direct force.The aerodynamic characteristics of a fin-body configuration are obtained for the angle of attack from 0°to 180°,and the trajectory and attitude of air-to-air missile during the process of heading reversal are calculated.The results show that the heading reversal is finished in 1.15 s,and the process of redirection is safe,quick and stable.Finally,some key technologies are discussed in the process of heading reversal.