张掖市无偿献血者输血相关传染病标志物变化趋势研究

Changing Trends Study on Infectious Disease Markers Related to Blood Transfusion among Voluntary Blood Donors in Zhangye City

目的 探讨张掖市无偿献血者输血相关传染病标志物变化趋势,以期为当地采供血及传染病防治提供参考。方法 依据《血站技术操作规程》,统计2020年1月—2022年12月张掖市中心血站30158例无偿献血者的输血相关传染病标志物检测结果分析变化趋势。结果 2020—2022年,输血相关传染病标志物整体阳性率呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。其中,HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV阳性率变化不大(P>0.05),ALT阳性率有明显降低(P<0.05);男性HBsAg、抗-HCV及ALT阳性率高于女性,抗-TP阳性率低于女性(P<0.05);不同年龄段抗-TP、ALT阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),40~49岁抗-TP阳性率高于18~29岁、30~39岁,30~39岁ALT阳性率高于18~29岁、40~49岁(P<0.05);不同职业HBsAg、抗-TP阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,农民HBsAg、抗-TP阳性率均处于高水平。结论 张掖市无偿献血者输血相关传染病标志物阳性率呈逐年下降趋势,但不同特征人群输血相关传染病标志物阳性率存在差异,应制定科学、合理无偿献血招募方案用以保障血液质量。

Objective To explore changing trend of infectious disease markers related to blood transfusion of unpaid blood donors in Zhangye City,and provide key reference for local blood collection and supply and infectious disease prevention and control.Methods According to"Technical Operating Regulations for Blood Stations",the paper calculated test results of transfusion related infectious disease markers of 30158 unpaid blood donors in Zhangye City central blood station from January 2020 to December 2022 to analyze changing trend.Results Overall positive rate of transfusion related infectious disease markers showed a decreasing trend from 2020 to 2022(P<0.05),positive rates of HBsAg,anti HCV,anti TP,and anti HIV did not show significant changes(P>0.05),while positive rate of ALT significantly decreased(P<0.05).Positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HCV,and ALT of males were higher than females,while positive rates of anti-TP were lower than females(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in positive rates of anti TP and ALT among different age groups(P<0.05).Positive rates of anti TP with ages of 40~49 were higher than those with ages of 18~29 and 30~39,positive rates of ALT with ages of 30~39 were higher than those with ages of 18~29 and 40~49(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in positive rates of HBsAg and anti TP among different professions,farmers had high levels of HBsAg and anti TP positivity(P<0.05).Conclusion Positive rate of transfusion related infectious disease markers of unpaid blood donors in Zhangye City has been decreasing year by year,there is difference in positive rate of transfusion related infectious disease markers among different characteristic populations.Therefore,it is necessary to formulate scientific and reasonable recruitment plan for unpaid blood donors to ensure blood quality.