铁路全生命周期地质灾害防治技术对策

Technical Measures for Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters in the Full Life Cycle of Railway

我国地域广阔,地质灾害严重。在铁路规划、设计、建设、运营和维护等各阶段,都需充分考虑地质灾害风险,并采取相应的预防和治理措施。研究提出贯穿铁路勘察设计、建设和运营全生命周期的铁路地质灾害防治总体技术框架,并采取以下技术对策:通过充分的地质勘察工作,查明沿线地质环境条件,为铁路规划和设计提供科学依据;施工过程中采取合理的施工方法和措施,对地质灾害进行防治,避免对环境造成破坏;加强运营维护期的地质灾害监测和预警,及时发现和处理潜在危险。研究提出的铁路全生命周期地质灾害防治技术对策已在多处投入应用,为确保铁路安全运行和可持续发展发挥了重要作用。

China has a vast territory where geological disasters are serious issues.It is imperative to thoroughly consider the risks posed by geological disasters and take suitable prevention and control measures during the various phases of railway planning,design,construction,operation,and maintenance.An overall technical framework for the prevention and control of railway geological disasters throughout the full life cycle of railways from the survey,design,and construction to operation is proposed.The following technical measures are taken:through sufficient geological investigation,geological environmental conditions along railways should be identified to provide a scientific basis for railway planning and design;reasonable construction methods and measures should be used during construction to prevent and control geological disasters and avoid damage to the environment;monitoring and early warning of geological disasters should be enhanced during operation and maintenance period to find out and deal with potential hazards in time.These technical measures for the prevention and control of geological disasters in the full life cycle of railways proposed in this study have been applied in several railways,playing an important role in ensuring the safe operation and sustainable development of railway.