县域组建村镇银行的经济增长效应研究——基于渐进双重差分模型的检验

Research on the Economic Growth Effect of Gounty-Level Rural Banks Establishment:Based on the Examination of Progressive Double Difference Model

畅通金融要素流动、服务乡村经济发展是农村金融机构的使命担当。立足县域、服务三农和小微企业是国家创设村镇银行的初衷。本文基于2005—2020年1877个县、县级市和旗的统计数据,以及原银保监会批准各县设立村镇银行时间的数据,用渐进双重差分模型检验了县域组建村镇银行对经济增长的影响。研究发现,设立村镇银行能够显著增加县域人均生产总值,此结论经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析发现,村镇银行通过支持县域非农产业发展实现经济增长。异质性分析发现,相比东中部地区与其他县域,设立在西部地区和原国家级贫困县的村镇银行对经济增长的促进作用更加明显。本文研究证实了村镇银行在脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴中发挥的作用,为进一步制定政策发挥村镇银行支农支小作用提供了决策参考。

Smoothing the flow of financial resources and serving the development of rural economy are the mission and responsibility of banking and financial institutions.Based on the statistical data of 1877 counties,county-level cities and banners from 2005 to 2020,and the data on the establishment of rural banks in each county,this paper uses the progressive double difference method to test the impact of the establishment of rural banks on economic growth.Empirical results show that rural banks can significantly increase the per capita GDP of counties.Mecha-nism analysis found that rural banks promote economic growth by supporting the development of non-agricultural industries in counties.Heterogeneity analysis indicates that compared to the eastern and central regions and other counties,the promoting effect of rural banks established in the western regions and the original national poverty-stricken counties on economic growth is more pronounced.This paper confirms the role of rural banks in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,and provides a reference for further policy formulation and the role of rural banks in supporting agriculture and supporting agriculture.