120例青少年非自杀性自伤的特征分析

Analysis of characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury in 120 adolescents

【目的】探讨青少年非自杀性自伤(NSSI)的特点,增强临床医生对青少年伴有NSSI的进一步了解,以更好地进行临床诊断和干预。【方法】采用方便抽样选取2022年7月—2023年6月某院门诊就诊的伴有NSSI的青少年患者120例,利用自制的一般情况调查表收集一般人口学资料,使用青少年NSSI问卷和渥太华自伤量表(OSI)分析青少年NSSI的自伤特点及动机。【结果】青少年初次自伤的平均年龄为(12.90±1.233)岁,最常见者13岁;最常见的自伤部位是下臂或腕部(58.33%),其次是手(27.5%);最常用的自伤方式是故意割伤自己(68.33%);最常见的自伤的动机是情绪调节。【结论】伴有NSSI的青少年在性别方面存在显著差异;首次自伤的年龄存在集中度,高发年龄为11~14岁;常用的自伤方式是割伤;NSSI通常与减轻痛苦的意图有关,具有高频率、方法多样及死亡率低的特征;伴有NSSI的青少年常选择以情绪调节为主导功能实施NSSI,包括外部情绪调节和内部情绪调节。

[Objective]To explore the characteristics of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behavior,and to enable clinicians to further understand adolescents with NSSI behavior,so as to make better clinical diagnosis and intervention.[Methods]From July 2022 to June 2023,120 adolescent patients with NSSI behavior were selected from the outpatient department of our hospital by convenience sampling,and the general demographic data were collected by self-made general situation questionnaire.The characteristics and motivation of NSSI among adolescents with NSSI were analyzed by using the NSSI questionnaire and Ottawa self-injury inventory(OSI).[Results]The average age of the first NSSI in the adolescents was 12.90±1.233,and the most common was 13 years old.The most common site of NSSI was the lower arm or wrist(58.33%),followed by the hand(27.5%).The most commonly used NSSI was"intentionally cutting oneself"(68.33%);The most common motivation for NSSI is emotional regulation.[Conclusion]There are significant differences in gender among adolescents with NSSI behavior.The age of first NSSI is concentrated,and the highest incidence is in the 11‒14 years old.The common way of self-injury is cutting.NSSI is usually associated with the intention to relieve suffering and is characterized by high frequency,using variety of methods,and low mortality.Adolescents with NSSI often choose to implement NSSI with emotion regulation as the main function,including external emotion regulation and internal emotion regulation.