高强度两性离子聚合物防污减阻水凝胶涂层的制备

Preparation of High Strength Zwitterionic Polymer Hydrogel Antifouling and Drag Reducing Coating

在两性离子甲基丙烯酰乙基磺基甜菜碱(SBMA)聚合物体系中引入天然、易得的κ-卡拉胶(κ-CG)调控前体溶液的流变行为,采用涂覆工艺在硅烷偶联剂处理的玻璃表面制备了多组分双网络水凝胶涂层,并用锆离子(Zr4+)配位交联强化κ-CG网络结构.双网络结构使两性离子水凝胶涂层的力学强度得到显著提高,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和杨氏模量最高可达2.51 MPa、1620.76%和1.67 MPa.该水凝胶涂层在玻璃表面呈强粘接状态,粘接能达2500 J·m^(-2).该水凝胶涂层在不同介质中均表现出较低的溶胀度,可避免因变形导致的涂层脱落.同时,SBMA使水凝胶表面形成致密水合层,在防污、减阻方面表现优异.

Polymethacrylate sulfonate Betaine(PSBMA)is a classic zwitterionic polymer.As a typical hydrogel,it has the characteristics of high water content,super hydrophilicity,low friction coefficient,low biological toxicity but poor mechanical properties.In this work,the natural and easily availableκ-carrageenan(κ-CG)is employed to endow the preducor solution with good thixotropy.Then,the preducor solution is coated on the glass surface to form multicomponent double network hydrogel coating.In which,κ-CG network is the first network,acrylamide(AM)and dimethylpropyl sulfonate ethyl methacrylate(SBMA)are the second network monomers,and N,N'-Methylene-bis(acrylamide)(MBAA)as crosslinkage agent.Theκ-CG network is further enhanced using zirconium ion(Zr4+)coordination crosslinking.Finally,we get the strong,tough and stableκ-CG/AM/SBMA multicomponent double network hydrogel coating.Benefitted by the double network structure,the mechanical properties of the zwitterion polyelectrolyte hydrogel are significantly strengthened.Its best fracture stress,fracture strain,and Young’s modulus reaches 2.51 MPa,1620.76%and 1.67 MPa,respectively,which basically meets the conditions for its use in the marine environment.The hydrogel coating swells weakly in different medium(water and seawater).Silane coupling agent KH-570 is used to modify the glass surface which help the hydrogel bond to glass surface.The adhesion energy of the hydrogel coating on glass surface obtained from the 90°peel test reaches about 2500 J·m^(-2).A series of experiments have shown that thisκ-CG/AM/SBMA ternary double network hydrogel has excellent hydrophilicity,high breaking strength,good toughness,high modulus and low swelling degree.At the same time,due to the existence of surface hydration layer,the hydrogel coating also behaves drag reduction and excellent performance in antifouling.