雨水生物滞留设施脱氮途径及效能研究进展

Progress in the study of nitrogen removal pathways and performance in stormwater bioretention facilities

生物滞留系统中氮污染控制是雨水径流源头净化的关键环节,对缓解受纳水体的氮污染物负荷具有重要作用.本文总结了雨水径流中氮污染形态及来源,并分析了生物滞留系统中脱氮反应途径及其主要影响因素.生物滞留系统氮污染控制的主要反应途径包括同化反应、吸附、硝化反应、反硝化反应、异化还原为铵,主要依赖于脱氮功能微生物群落.此外,影响脱氮效果的主要因素包括植物类型、填料类型、淹没区设置、雨前干燥期及电子供体,并综述了因素影响下生物滞留系统中的脱氮效能.最后,对提高生物滞留氮污染控制效能提出了建议和展望.

Nitrogen pollution control in bioretention systems is the key of stormwater runoff purification,which also plays an important role in relieving nitrogen load of receiving water bodies.This work summarizes the nitrogen species and sources in stormwater runoff,further analyzes the denitrification pathways and the influencing factors in bioretention systems.The main denitrification pathways include assimilation reaction,adsorption,nitrification reaction,denitrification reaction,and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium,depending on the functional microbial community of denitrification.In addition,the main factors affecting the nitrogen removal basically include plant type,filler type,submerged zone setting,drying period,and electron donor.Meanwhile,the denitrification performances under the different factors in stormwater bioretention facilities are reviewed.Finally,suggestions and prospects for improving denitrification performances in bioretention systems are provided.