高分子聚合物型废弃钻井液的稳定机理及超声脱稳机制研究

Study on the stability and ultrasonic destabilization mechanism of polymer waste drilling fluid

高分子聚合物型废弃钻井液具有极高稳定性,难以固液分离,成为制约其资源化循环利用的关键瓶颈问题.本研究拟揭示高分子聚合物型废弃钻井液的稳定机理,并探究超声对废弃钻井液的脱稳效果和机制.采用X射线能谱和红外光谱等表面分析技术,结合胶体化学方法研究了钻井液的空间分子结构、稳定机理和超声脱稳机制.结果表明,钻井液中的颗粒以未包覆和高聚物表面包覆两种形式存在,共同形成高分子稳定颗粒体系.其中,未被高聚物包覆的岩屑颗粒遵循空位稳定和DLVO稳定机理,被高聚物表面包覆的加重材料遵循空间稳定和DLVO稳定机理.超声脱稳实验结果表明,在1000 W功率下超声处理5 min后,耦合添加0.02%阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺,脱水率高达81.0%,泥饼含水率低至29.3%,获得了优良的固液分离效果.超声通过破坏高分子聚合物长链结构实现高分子聚合物型废弃钻井液的脱稳.本研究为高分子聚合物型废弃钻井液脱稳技术的研发提供了理论支撑和研发方向.

polymer waste drilling fluid exhibits high stability and is difficult to dehydrate,posing a crucial bottleneck issue for resource recycling.This study aims to reveal the stability mechanism of polymer waste drilling fluid and investigates the destabilization effect and mechanism.Surface analysis techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy,combined with colloid chemistry methods,were employed to investigate the spatial molecular structure,stability mechanism,and ultrasound destabilization mechanism of polymer waste drilling fluid.The results indicated that particles in the polymer waste drilling fluid exist in two forms:uncoated particles and particles coated by high polymers,collectively forming a polymer stable particle system.Among them,uncoated rock particles followed vacancy stability and DLVO stability mechanisms,while heavy materials coated by high polymers followed spatial stability and DLVO stability mechanisms.The results of ultrasound destabilization experiments showed that after ultrasound treatment at 1000 W power for 5 minutes and coupled with the addition of 0.02%cationic polyacrylamide,the dehydration rate reached 81.0%,and the mud cake moisture content was reduced to 29.3%,achieving excellent solid-liquid separation effects.Ultrasound achieved the destabilization of polymeric waste drilling fluids by disrupting the long-chain structure of polymeric polymers.This study provides theoretical support and research direction for the development of destabilization technologies for polymer waste drilling fluids.