太湖流域农村面源污染治理现状与前景研究

Research on Current Situation and Prospect of Rural Non-point Source Pollution Control in Taihu Basin

分析了太湖流域农村面源污染现状、调查方法、治理技术及过往的环境管理经验,指出近年来的治污工作虽然有效控制了城镇点源污染,但对经济基础相对薄弱的乡村地区面源污染的治理效果仍然不佳。基于太湖流域农村面源污染治理在技术层面已经形成的以分散式污水处理设施净化乡村生活污水、以径流截污工程治理暴雨径流污染、以源头减排和污染截留技术治理农业生产污染的系统化体系,提出了将面源污染治理与农村产业优化、基建升级、高标准农田建设、生态湿地推广等目标相结合,在多要素协同/权衡的思路下加强环境治理技术与政治经济领域融合等研究展望。

This paper analyzed the current situation,investigation methods,treatment techniques and past environmental management experience of rural non-point source pollution in Taihu Basin,and pointed out that although the pollution control in recent years had effectively controlled urban point source pollution,the effect on non-point source pollution in rural area with relatively weak economic base was still poor.Based on the systematic system of rural non-point source pollution control in Taihu Basin,that was,to purify rural domestic sewage by decentralized sewage treatment facilities,to treat rainstorm runoff pollution by runoff interception projects,to control agricultural production pollution by source reduction and pollution interception technologies,it proposed to combine non-point source pollution control with rural industry optimization,infrastructure upgrading,high standard farmland construction,ecological wetland promotion and other goals,and strengthen the integration of environmental governance technology and political and economic fields under the idea of multi-factor collaboration/tradeoff.