钙离子在牙釉质矿化中的作用

The role of calcium ions in enamel mineralization

牙釉质的矿化形成是一个信号分子贯穿始终的过程,釉质矿化通过细胞内多种离子与信号通道的紧密调节和上皮与间充质的相互作用,最终使牙釉质成为人体中矿化程度最高、最硬的组织。Ca^(2+)作为细胞内重要的第二信使分子,在生物矿化中调节许多过程,其中就包括调节釉质蛋白的表达。在牙釉质的基本结构羟基磷灰石晶体中,约含有60%质量的Ca^(2+),由此可见Ca^(2+)是牙釉质的关键和必需成分。因此,Ca^(2+)的正常转运在牙釉质矿化过程中起着关键作用。

The formation of enamel mineralization is a process in which signal molecules run through the whole process.Through the close regulation of various ions and signal channels in cells and the interaction between epithelium and mesenchymal,enamel mineralization ultimately makes enamel the hardest and most mineralized tissue in human body.As an important intracellular second messenger molecule,Ca^(2+)regulates many processes in biomineralization,including the expression of enamel proteins.Studies have shown that the basic structure of tooth enamel,hydroxyapatite crystals,contains about 60%of the mass of Ca^(2+),which shows that Ca^(2+)is a key and essential component of tooth enamel.Therefore,normal Ca^(2+)transport plays a key role in enamel mineralization.