应力波和超声波检测在木拱廊桥安全评估中的应用

Application of stress wave and ultrasonic testing for safety evaluation of timber arch bridges

木拱廊桥是木结构古建筑中重要的文化遗产,现存的部分木拱廊桥仍在使用中.为保护木拱廊桥,考虑各种复杂的环境因素和结构条件,将应力波和超声波检测技术应用于真实环境下的木拱廊桥检测中.挑选福州市闽侯县远济桥的承重木柱作为研究对象,针对木柱内部缺陷采用应力波检测与超声波检测.检测结果表明应力波和超声波检测木材缺陷时,超声波的检测精度更高,二者检测结果存在相似性;远济桥检测样本的承重木柱存在空洞、裂纹、虫蛀等缺陷,建议对远济桥的安全性进行优化和改进.基于木拱廊桥所处环境的实际情况,利用应力波和超声波检测相对照的检测方法,提出针对木拱廊桥的安全性等级进行划分,使应力波和超声波检测技术更好地应用于木拱廊桥的保护工程中.

Wooden arch bridges are important cultural heritage sites in the field of ancient wooden architecture.Some of the surviving wooden arch bridges were still in use,and protecting them required consideration of various complex environmental factors and structural conditions.In pursuit of this goal,stress wave and ultrasonic testing technologies were applied to detect issues in wooden arch bridges in a real-world environment.Specifically focusing on the load-bearing wooden columns of Yuanji Bridge in Minhou County,Fuzhou,stress wave and ultrasonic testing were employed to identify internal defects in the columns.The results indicated that ultrasonic testing exhibited higher detection accuracy for wooden defects compared to stress wave testing,despite both methods yielding similar results.The load-bearing columns of the sampled Yuanji Bridge displayed defects such as voids,cracks,and insect infestation,underscoring the necessity for safety improvements.In consideration of the actual environmental conditions of the wooden arch bridge,a detection method that compared stress wave and ultrasonic testing was proposed to categorize the safety level of wooden arch bridges.This approach aimed to enable more effective utilization of stress wave and ultrasonic testing technologies in the protection of wooden arch bridges.