考虑故障车回收的共享单车静态重平衡问题

Static Rebalancing Problem of Shared Bicycles Considering Recycling of Broken Bicycles

共享单车系统在运行中会出现站点供需不平衡以及故障单车回收困难的情况,对人们的出行造成影响。针对该问题,提出了对共享单车系统同时进行重平衡和回收故障车的策略,建立了以最小化行驶成本和未满足好车需求的惩罚成本为目标函数的混合整数规划模型,并设计了相应的改进遗传算法进行求解。数值实验将该改进算法与gurobi在小、中、大三种规模算例下进行比较,验证了该改进算法有较好性能。最后对影响目标函数的因素进行了灵敏度分析,为减少共享单车系统运营成本提供了依据。

In this paper,in view of the supply-demand imbalance of the shared bicycle system and the difficulty in retrieving broken bicycles which would affect consumers'normal use of the system,we put forward a strategy to rebalance the shared bicycle system and retrieve the broken bicycles at the same time,and established a mixed integer programming model with the objective function of minimizing the traveling cost of the operation vehicles and the penalty for failing to meet the demand for well-functioning bicycles.Then,we designed an improved genetic algorithm to solve the model.Through a numerical study,we compared the improved algorithm with gurobi in small,medium and large scale examples,and proved that the improved algorithm performed better across the board.Finally,we carried out a sensitivity analysis of the factors affecting the objective function,providing basis for reducing the operating cost of the shared bicycle system.