2013-2022年银川市水痘流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Yinchuan city from 2013 to 2022

目的 分析2013-2022年银川市水痘流行病学特征,为水痘的防控提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学统计方法,对银川市水痘报告病例进行统计分析。结果 2013-2022年银川市共报告水痘18 179例,年均发病率为78.34/10万;发病有明显的季节性,呈现双峰分布;5~9岁年龄组发病率最高(404.02/10万);报告病例以学生、幼儿园和托儿所及散居儿童为主;男性发病率(83.10/10万)高于女性(73.35/10万);共报告26起水痘突发公共卫生事件,均发生在学校和幼儿园,主要发生在兴庆区和永宁县。结论 2013-2022年银川市水痘发病率较高,具有明显的季节性,学生、幼儿园和托儿所及散居儿童为水痘的高发人群,应加强水痘疫情监测并规范落实防控措施,提高水痘疫苗接种率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Yinchuan from 2013 to 2022,providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of chickenpox.Method Descriptive epidemiological statistical methods were used to analyze the reported cases of chickenpox in Yinchuan.Results A total of 18,179 cases of chickenpox were reported in Yinchuan from 2013 to 2022,with an annual average incidence rate of 78.34/100,000.There was a clear seasonality and bimodal distribution.The highest incidence rate was in the age group of 5~9 years(404.02/100,000).Reported cases were mainly students,kindergartners,and scattered children.The incidence rate in males(83.10/100,000)was higher than that in females(73.35/100,000).A total of 26 outbreaks of public health incidents related to chickenpox were reported,and all occurring in schools and kindergartens,mainly in Xingqing District and Yongning county.Conclusion From 2013 to 2022,the incidence of chickenpox in Yinchuan is relatively high with clear seasonality.The students,kindergartners,and scattered children are high-risk groups for chickenpox.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of chickenpox epidemics,standardize and implement prevention and control measures,and increase the vaccination rate of the chickenpox vaccine.