唐宋敦煌归义军节度使所受功臣号研究

A Study on the Meritorious Official Titles of the Dunhuang Guiyijun Jiedushi during the Tang and Song Dynasties

功臣号是构成归义军节度使职衔的重要内容。归义军政权中获得功臣号的节度使有曹元深、曹元忠、曹延禄、曹宗寿等人,时间起自后晋天福年间,终于北宋咸平五年。从功臣号的用词、字数看,归义军节度使所受的功臣号具有明显的“外臣”特点,也反映了王朝对归义军政权的重视程度。张氏归义军的节度使并未获得唐封赐的功臣号,原因是唐代功臣号的封赐多与平乱及稳定王朝政局相关。无论如何,归义军节度使所受的功臣号是王朝册封制度的重要构成部分。

The meritorious official titles constituted as important part of the official ranks of the Guiyijun jiedushi.Cao Yuanshen,Cao Yuanzhong,Cao Yanlu,Cao Zongshou all received the meritorious official titles while serving as the jiedushi,starting from the Tianfu period of the Hou Jin Dynasty till the fifth year of the Xianping period in the Northern Song Dynasty.Given the vocabulary and number of characters of these titles,these meritorious official titles seem to indicate that the jiedushi were referred to foreign ministers,which also reflected to what degree the central court valued the importance of the Guiyijun regime.The jiedushi from the Zhang clan never received the meritorious official titles from the central government of Tang Dynasty,because the granting of the meritorious official titles in the Tang Dynasty often depended upon the court’s policy of pacifying and stabilizing the political situation.In any case,the meritorious official titles obtained by the Guiyijun jiedushi constituted as part of the imperial conferring system.