阐释、情境与介入:三种艺术文本的“观看”方式

Aesthetic contemplation,Theatricality-experience and Engagement:Three different ways of experience about art

随着艺术的发展,观众在艺术文本的意义建构中发挥的作用越来越明显。观众从艺术文本的观看者变成了艺术事件的参与者。这种转变是沿着审美静观、剧场式体验到介入这样一条路径逐渐展开的。审美静观要求观众以凝视观照的体验方式面对自在存在的艺术作品;剧场式体验强调艺术现场情境的营造,考虑观众与艺术文本之间的空间关系;介入需要观众以实在的行动加入艺术事件中,艺术事件的完成和意义都随着观众的介入生成。三种不同的体验方式伴随着艺术与社会关系的演变,并在某个时期占据主导地位。尽管不同时代有着不同的价值立场,但在这些不同的价值立场中有一个共通的思想,即艺术是一种特殊的、区别于日常生活的感知形式及意义活动。

In the contemporary era,the audience plays an important role in the construction of the meaning of art works.The audience has changed from a viewer of an art work to a participant in a performative art.This transformation has been gradually unfolding along the different ways of aesthetic contemplation,theatricality-experience and engagement.Aesthetic contemplation requires the audience to face freely existing art works in the manner of“still minded”.Theatricality-experience emphasizes the creation of artistic context and considers the spatial relationship between the audience and the work.Engagement requires the audience to participate in the performative art with real actions,the completion and meaning of the art are generated with the intervention of the audience.Three different ways of experience are accompanied by the evolution of the relationship between art and society.Although there are different standpoints in different times,there is a common idea among them,that is,art is a special form of perception that is different from daily life.