抗战胜利后国民政府的海关复员与内地海关华员——以长沙关为中心的考察

The Customs Demobilization after the Victory of the War of Resistance against Japan’s Aggression and the Chinese Customs in the Mainland—Centered on the Changsha Customs

抗战胜利后,国民政府即进行海关复员,逐步撤移内地关所、接收沿海海关,将海关重心由内地向沿海转移。财政部认为,内地关所在战后失去“重要性”,故应撤移,同时也是为了配合收复区海关的接收工作。后方撤移关区的关员多为华员,裁撤长沙关的主力亦为华员。战后复员期间,内地关所的华员们面临多种挑战。既要配合接收,还要兼顾自身关区的裁撤,在裁撤与接收之间,后方华员如何自处?负责裁撤长沙关的副税务司俞逵与该关华员的战后经历,是内地华员战后境遇的缩影,由此可以窥见国民政府战后海关复员全局之下后方普通华员的生存状态。

After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan’s Aggression,the Nationalist government began to demobilize the customs,gradually moved the inland customs offices,took over the coastal customs,and shifted the focus of the customs from the inland to the coastal areas.The Ministry of Finance believes that the Mainland customs office lost its“importance”after the war and should be abolished.At the same time,it is also to cooperate with the receiving work of the customs in the recovered area.Most of the abolished customs officers in inland areas are Chinese,and the main force in the abolition of the Changsha customs is also Chinese customs officers.During the post-war demobilization period,Chinese officers in the Mainland customs offices faced various challenges.It is necessary to cooperate with the reception,but also to take into account the abolition of its own customs area.Between the abolition and the reception,how should the Chinese staff in the rear handle themselves?The post-war experience of Yu Kwai,who was responsible for the abolition of the Changsha Customs,and the Chinese customs officers from the Changsha Customs,is the epitome of the post-war situation of the Chinese members in the mainland.From this,we can get a glimpse of the living conditions of the ordinary rear Chinese staff under the national government’s post-war customs demobilization overall situation.