不知火海的渡唐船——战国时期相良家族的外交与倭寇

The Ships Going for Ming Dynasty from Shiranuhi Sea:The Diplomacy of Sagara Family and Wako Pirates during the Warring State Period in Japan

序言不知火海位于九州西海岸,它以球磨川河口所在的八代为中心,也称“八代海”。不知火海被天草群岛包围,形成一个内海,而从天草滩又可以通往中国的东海,所以是海上交通的要地。本文主要考察以八代为中心的不知火海在日明关系史上的几个问题。战国时期,八代是相良家族的领地。

With regard to the smuggling trade between China and Japan(including the smuggling trade with Wang Zhi and others)in the 16th century,which was also known as the Warring State Period in Japan,there are only few original historical data left in Japan.After researching deeply into the Yatsushiro Diaries of Sagara Family(compiled by the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo),combined with relevant notes in History of Ming Dynasty,Tanaka Takeo(1923-2009),expounded that the ships going for Ming Dynasty from Shiranuhi Sea operated by Sagara Family in Kyushu Higo were not officially recognized by the Ming Dynasty government,while meaning that they were not official foreign trade ships managed by maritime trade commissioner.Sagara Family,as one of members,together with Oouchi,Ootomo,Matsura,Shimadzu,Sou and other noble families jointly constitute a powerful support for Wako Pirates.