壳聚糖的抗菌作用及在抑菌活性包装中的应用进展

A Review of the Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan and Its Application in Antibacterial Packaging

壳聚糖因其良好的生物降解性、成膜性及广谱抗菌活性,可作为活性抗菌剂或成膜基材应用到食品中,目前已成为合成塑料聚合物有力的替代品。但单一壳聚糖薄膜存在水溶性差、机械性能较弱等局限性,在一定程度上限制了其在食品抗菌材料中的应用。为了更好地发挥壳聚糖抗菌特性,近年来关于壳聚糖抗菌活性在食品中的应用安全性备受瞩目,本文对壳聚糖的抗菌机制、提高壳聚糖抑菌性能的方法进行阐述,并综述了壳聚糖与多糖、蛋白以及脂质复合膜在食品保鲜应用的研究现状,以期为壳聚糖抗菌复合材料的开发利用提供思路。

Chitosan can be used as an active antibacterial agent or film-forming substrate in foods,and has become a powerful substitute for synthetic plastic polymers because of its good biodegradability,film-forming capacity and antibacterial activity.However,chitosan films have several limitations such as poor water solubility and weak mechanical properties,which limit its application in antibacterial food packaging materials to a certain degree.The safety of applying the antibacterial activity of chitosan in foods has attracted much attention in recent years.In order to provide new ideas for further development and utilization of chitosan-based antibacterial composite materials,this paper expounds the antibacterial mechanism of chitosan and the methods to improve its antibacterial performance,and summarizes the current status of the application of chitosan-polysaccharide,protein or lipid composite films in food preservation.