不同结构褐藻胶寡糖的制备与功效研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation and Functions of Alginate Oligosaccharides with Different Structures

褐藻胶是海洋资源中含量较为丰富的多糖类物质之一,采用化学法、物理法、生物法等手段可以将褐藻胶降解为褐藻胶寡糖(alginate oligosaccharides,AOS)。AOS是由α-L-古罗糖醛酸和β-D-甘露糖醛酸组成的直链寡糖,具有抑菌、抗炎、调节免疫力等多种生物活性,这些广泛的生物活性与其结构的多样性密切相关。通过不同降解方法制备的AOS具有不同的糖醛酸组成、聚合度和一些特殊结构,因此,探究AOS结构和功效之间的关系有助于深入挖掘AOS的活性并提高AOS的应用价值。本文综述了不同AOS制备方法的反应机理、产物结构以及AOS结构与功效之间的关系,以期为AOS的开发和应用提供重要依据。

Alginate is one of the most abundant marine polysaccharides,which can be degraded into alginate oligosaccharides(AOS)by chemical,physical and biological methods.AOS,linear oligosaccharide composed of guluronic acid and mannuronic acid,have a variety of biological activities such as antimicrobial,anti-inflammatory,and immunoregulatory activities,and these biological activities are closely related to their structural diversity.AOS prepared by different degradation methods have different uronic acid compositions,polymerization degrees and special structures.Therefore,exploring the structure-function relationship of AOS will help to fully understand the activity of AOS and improve its application value.In this paper,the reaction mechanisms of the various methods to prepare AOS,the structures of the resulting products,and the structure-function relationship of AOS are reviewed in order to provide a reference for further research and application of AOS.