可见性“民”史:1931年淮河水灾语境下《大公报》的微观舆论话语呈现

On the Presentation of Micro Public Opinion Discourse in the Context of the 1931 Huaihe River Flood in Ta Kung Pao

新记《大公报》自创办起标榜“四不”方针,长期实践中形成“敢言-能言-善言”的报道风格,成为近代民营报业“文人论政”的典范。《灾区旅行》作为《大公报》对1931年淮河水灾的长篇通讯,以连续报道的庞大篇幅与微观切口的报刊视角,详细记录了此次灾情波及地区的受灾情况与社会图景,并以亲历者身份再现灾区“灾民-官员-土匪”等社会关系,刻画出各方主体共谋救灾与灾区各地乱象丛生的社会现实。考察过程中,记者以民众为中心、事实为本位,在实践中执行新闻舆论监督职能,实现职业理念知行合一,完成“文章报国”与“无负社会”的具身践行。

Since its establishment,the new record Ta Kung Pao proclaimed its“Four No’s”policy,and developed a reporting style of“daring to speak,able to speak,and good at speaking”in its long-term practice,becoming a model of“literati discussing politics”in modern private newspapers.As a lengthy communication by Ta Kung Pao on the 1931 Huai River flood,“Travel to Disastrous Areas”provides a detailed record of the disaster situation and social landscape in the affected areas through the continuous coverage from a micro perspective.It also portrays social relationships such as“victimsofficialsbandits”in the disastrous area as a firsthand witness,depicting the social reality of various parties colluding in disaster relief and the chaos in various parts.During the inspection process,journalists centered around the public based on facts,carried out the function of news public opinion supervision in practice,achieved the unity of professional philosophy,knowledge and action,and completed its practice of“serving the country with articles”and“being responsible for the society”.