中老年抑郁症状人群平衡能力的影响因素研究

Factors affecting balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms

目的 探讨中老年抑郁症状人群平衡能力的影响因素,为该人群改善平衡能力、预防跌倒提供依据。方法 基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)项目2015年数据库,收集抑郁自评量表评分≥10分或正在服用抗抑郁药物的≥45岁人群资料,包括人口学信息、生活方式和健康状况。平衡能力采用双脚半前后站立测试和双脚前后一直线站立测试评价,2项测试均完成为达标。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析中老年抑郁症状人群平衡能力的影响因素。结果 收集4 263人资料,年龄为(60.73±8.53)岁,其中男性1 748人,占41.00%;女性2 515人,占59.00%。平衡能力测试未达标1 241人,占29.11%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥65岁(OR=1.234,95%CI:1.071~1.421)、女性(OR=1.422,95%CI:1.161~1.741)、有残疾(OR=1.309,95%CI:1.127~1.521)、有躯体疼痛(OR=1.170,95%CI:1.023~1.340)中老年抑郁症状人群平衡能力未达标的风险较高;有午睡(OR=0.856,95%CI:0.748~0.980)、从未吸烟(OR=0.641,95%CI:0.517~0.793)和有社交活动(OR=0.864,95%CI:0.755~0.988)人群平衡能力未达标的风险较低。结论 中老年抑郁症状人群的平衡能力受年龄、性别、午睡、吸烟、社交活动、残疾和躯体疼痛的影响。

Objective To explore the factors affecting balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with de⁃pressive symptoms,so as to provide the evidence for improving balance ability and prevention of falls.Methods Based on the 2015 database of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),demographic information,lifestyle and health status were collected from people aged 45 years and older who scored 10 and more on the Self-rating De⁃pression Scale or took antidepressants.The balance ability was assessed by semi-tandem and full-tandem stand tests,which was defined as meeting the standard when both tests were completed.Factors affecting the balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms were identified using a multivariable logistic regression mod⁃el.Results Data were collected from 4263 participants with an mean age of(60.73±8.53)years,including 1748 males(41.00%)and 2515 females(59.00%).There were 1241 people failed to meet the standard of balance ability test,accounting for 29.11%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that participants who were at ages of 65 years and older(OR=1.234,95%CI:1.071-1.421),were female(OR=1.422,95%CI:1.161-1.741),were physically dis⁃abled(OR=1.309,95%CI:1.127-1.521)and had physical pain(OR=1.170,95%CI:1.023-1.340)had higher risks of fail⁃ing to meet the standard of balance ability test,while participants who took naps(OR=0.856,95%CI:0.748-0.980),nev⁃er smoked(OR=0.641,95%CI:0.517-0.793)and had social activities(OR=0.864,95%CI:0.755-0.988)had lower risks of failing to meet the standard of balance ability test.Conclusion The balance ability among middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms was associated with age,gender,napping,smoking,social activities,physical disability and physical pain.