足细胞自噬机制和靶向信号通路相关研究进展

Research progress on podocyte autophagy mechanism and targeted signaling pathway

足细胞作为一种高分化细胞,具有高度自噬活性。维持细胞内动态平衡降解,可减缓慢性肾脏疾病进展,保护受损的足细胞免受不可逆转的损伤。足细胞自噬水平高于其他类型的肾脏细胞,足细胞自噬的激活与雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)和腺苷5’-单磷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、sirtuins、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)等相关通路有关,这些通路在足细胞功能的各种关键途径中具有至关重要作用。目前发现,足细胞自噬已成为改善足细胞损伤的有力治疗靶点。该文阐述了自噬在足细胞损伤中的功能作用,以及在基础实验和临床肾小球疾病调节方面的最新数据,以期为临床提供科学指导。

As a highly differentiated cell,podocytes have a high degree of autophagy activity.Maintaining intracellular dynamic equilibrium degradation can slow down the progression of chronic kidney disease and protect damaged podocytes from irreversible damage.The autophagy level of podocytes ishigherthan that of other types of renal cells.The activation of podocyte autophagyis related to mTOR,AMPK,sirtuins,MAPK and other related pathways,and plays a vital role in various key pathways of podocyte function.It has been found that podocyte autophagy has become a powerful therapeutic target for improving podocyte injury.This article describes the functional role of autophagy in podocyte injury,as well as the latest data in basic experiments and clinical glomerular disease regulation,in order to provide scientific guidance for clinical practice.