金属基吸附剂除氟技术及吸附机理研究进展

Research Progress on Fluorine Removal Technology and Adsorption Mechanism of Metal-based Adsorbents

氟化物是水污染评价的重要指标之一,高浓度氟化物对饮用水安全构成了威胁,因此开发高效、低成本、高选择性的除氟技术是当前研究的重点。在沉淀、膜分离、离子交换、电絮凝和吸附等除氟技术中,吸附除氟是目前最有前景的技术之一。众多吸附材料中,金属基吸附剂因独特的结构和形貌、优异的吸附性能,被广泛应用于水体除氟研究。综述了铝、铁、稀土基等典型金属吸附剂的开发和改性,阐述了金属基吸附剂制备工艺的强化方法,对比分析了各类金属基吸附剂性能的影响因素,总结了金属基吸附剂的吸附机理和再生技术,提出了金属基吸附剂在除氟领域存在困难和未来发展趋势,为后续金属基吸附剂的开发改性、工艺强化提供理论参考。

Fluoride plays a crucial role in assessing water pollution,especially concerning drinking water safety at elevated concentrations.Consequently,the current research emphasizes the development of fluoride removal technologies that are efficient,cost-effective,and highly selective.Among various methodologies for fluoride removal,including precipitation,membrane separation,ion exchange,and electroflocculation,adsorption stands out as a particularly promising technique.Metal-based adsorbents,such as aluminum,iron,and rare earth-based materials,have gained widespread attention due to their unique structural and morphological characteristics,along with superior adsorption performance in water fluoride elimination.This paper provided a comprehensive review of the evolution and enhancement of emblematic metal-based adsorbents.It detailed the methods employed to enhance the fabrication process of these adsorbents,compares and analyzes variables impacting the efficiency of diverse metal-based adsorbents,and encapsulates the adsorption mechanisms and regeneration technology associated with them.Furthermore,the article highlighted the challenges and prospective developmental trends of metal-based adsorbents in the field of fluoride removal.This serves as a valuable reference for subsequent research on the refinement and development of metal-based adsorbents and process intensification.