开放式创新平台激励与约束机制对用户创新行为的影响

The Impact of Incentive and Restraint Mechanisms of Open Innovation Platform on User Innovation Behavior

平台的开放共享特征促使用户更主动地参与到价值创造活动中,企业吸纳用户参与创新过程成为其提升创新能力的重要途径。从认知—情感双重视角出发,以创新自我效能感、情感承诺为中介变量,以主动型人格为调节变量,探究开放式创新平台激励与约束机制对用户创新行为的影响机制及边界条件。结果显示,开放式创新平台激励机制、约束机制对用户创新行为均具有正向影响;创新自我效能感与情感承诺分别在开放式创新平台激励机制、约束机制与用户创新行为间发挥部分中介作用;主动型人格分别在开放式创新平台激励机制、约束机制与用户创新行为间发挥正向调节作用。

In this era full of volatility,uncertainty,complexity and ambiguity,the transformation of digital technology and the consequent development of platform economy have changed the traditional innovation processes and made novel ways to create values.Openness and sharing are quite remarkable features of the platform,and they make users take part in the value creation activities more actively,and let enterprises attract more users to take part in innovation.Therefore,user innovation behavior has become an important source of the innovation capability for enterprises.However,some issues such as low user activity and inactive participation in innovation emerge,but the factors affecting user innovation are rarely tapped from the perspective of incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform.At present,the research on potential impacts of incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform on user innovation behavior remains in its infancy,and the boundary conditions of aforementioned mechanisms need to be further explored.Therefore,taking creative self-efficacy and affective commitment as mediators,and proactive personality as a moderator,this study intends to explore the influencing mechanisms and boundary conditions of the relationship between incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior from the perspectives of cognition and emotion.The research model of the study is established via theoretical deduction and research hypotheses.According to the cognitive-affective personality system theory,creative self-efficacy and affective commitment are thought to have the mediating effects in the relationship between incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior.Moreover,from the perspective of human interaction theory,the study proposes that proactive personality plays the moderating role in the impact of incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform on user innovation behavior.In hypotheses testing,the study takes each variable in the study as a single dimension,and the questionnaire is distributed two-way.An empirical analysis of 361 valid questionnaires by SPSS26.0 and AMOS24.0 statistical analysis software is conducted in the study.The research model and research hypotheses proposed in this study are verified.The conclusions are as follows.First of all,incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform positively relate to user innovation behavior.Secondly,creative self-efficacy plays a mediating role respectively between incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior.Thirdly,affective commitment is also a mediator in the incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform—user innovation behavior link.Finally,proactive personality moderates the relationship between incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior.The conclusions highlight the following management recommendations.Firstly,the open innovation platform should design reasonable incentive and restraint mechanisms in order to create a good platform ecology,and improve the enthusiasm of users to participate in innovation.Secondly,the open innovation platform needs to take measures to continuously improve users'creative self-efficacy and affective commitment,so as to realize the transformation of the incentive and constraint mechanism of open innovation platform to user innovation behavior.Thirdly,according to the results of the moderating role of proactive personality in the relationship between incentive and restraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior,the open innovation platform can speculate on the user activities according to the frequency of the release scheme and comment reply,and implement classified management for users of different categories.The contributions of the study lie in three aspects.Firstly,the study uses the cognitive-affective personality system theory as a theoretical framework to clarify the impact of the incentive and constraint mechanisms of open innovation platform on user innovation behavior,which enriches the extant research on the aftereffect of the governance mechanisms of open innovation platform at the micro level.Secondly,the boundary condition of the relationship between the incentive and constraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior is clarified based on the human interaction theory.Finally,the relationship between the incentive and constraint mechanisms of open innovation platform and user innovation behavior is clarified,providing theoretical and practical enlightenment for platform enterprises to integrate internal and external resources,and improve user experience in the context of digital economy.