有留守经历大学生心理困扰与积极自我概念:领悟社会支持和希望感的链式中介作用

Psychological distress and positive self-concept of college students with left-behind experiences:the mediation effect of perceived social support and hope perception

目的探讨有留守经历大学生的心理困扰与积极自我概念的关系以及领悟社会支持和希望感的中介作用,为高校特殊群体大学生开展积极心理教育提供理论依据。方法采用心理困扰量表、领悟社会支持量表、希望感量表和积极自我概念调查表对687名有留守经历大学生进行问卷调查,通过多元线性回归分析有留守经历大学生的领悟社会支持和希望感在心理困扰与积极自我概念之间的中介效应。结果有留守经历大学生心理困扰总分为(23.02±9.22)分;不同性别和留守持续时间的大学生心理困扰得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);有留守经历大学生的心理困扰与领悟社会支持、希望感、积极自我概念均呈负相关(r=-0.556、-0.218、-0.426,P<0.01),领悟社会支持、希望感与积极自我概念呈正相关(r=0.470、0.225,P<0.01);回归分析显示,有留守经历大学生的心理困扰(β=-0.167,P<0.01)、领悟社会支持(β=0.461,P<0.01)和希望感(β=0.352,P<0.01)对积极自我概念具有一定的预测作用;中介效应分析显示,领悟社会支持和希望感在有留守经历大学生的心理困扰与积极自我概念之间发挥部分中介效应(β=-0.250,P<0.01),中介效应占总效应的57.73%。结论领悟社会支持和希望感对有留守经历大学生的积极自我概念发展产生积极影响,对心理困扰产生的消极影响起到明显的缓冲作用。

Objective This paper aims to explore the role of perceived social support and hope perception in the relationship between psychological distress and positive self-concept of college students with left-behind experiences,so as to provide theoretical basis to carry out positive psychological education for special college students.Methods For this purpose,a total of 687 questionnaires were issued to college students with leftbehind experiences,in which the respondents were subjected to Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,the Hope Perception Scale and Self-Concept Scale.Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the mediation effect of perceived social support and hope perception in those students.Results The total score of psychological distress of college students with left-behind experience was(23.02±9.22).There were statistically significant differences in the psychological distress among those students in different genders and leftbehind duration(P<0.05).Psychological distress is negatively correlated with perceived social support(r=-0.556,P<0.01),hope perception(r=-0.218,P<0.01)and positive self-concept(r=-0.426,P<0.01),while perceived social support is positively correlated with hope perception(r=0.470,P<0.01)and positive self-concept(r=0.225,P<0.01).According to the regression analysis,the psychological distress(β=-0.167,P<0.01),perceived social support(β=0.461,P<0.01),and hope perception(β=0.352,P<0.01)of those students have certain predictive effect to positive self-concept.Perceived social support and hope perception had a partial mediating effect on psychological distress and positive self-concepts of college students with left-behind experiences.The median effect value was 0.25,accounting for 58%of the total effect.Conclusion Perceived social support and hope perception have a positive influence on the development of positive self-concepts,and have a positive buffering role on the adverse impact of psychological distress.