Ⅲ期牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗前后炎症性贫血相关指标的变化

Changes of parameters associated with anemia of inflammation in patients with stageⅢperiodontitis before and after periodontal initial therapy

目的:比较Ⅲ期牙周炎患者与牙周健康者炎症性贫血相关指标的异同,探究牙周基础治疗对Ⅲ期牙周炎患者炎症性贫血指标的影响。方法:纳入2020年2月至2023年2月于北京大学口腔医院牙周科就诊的Ⅲ期牙周炎患者25名,招募牙周健康者25名,记录人口学信息并进行牙周检查(探诊深度、临床附着丧失、出血指数),采集空腹静脉血。Ⅲ期牙周炎患者经牙周基础治疗后3个月再次行牙周检查并采血。血液分析包括全血细胞分析以及用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测铁调素、铁蛋白、促红细胞生成素(erythro-poietin,EPO)。统计分析由SPSS 21.0统计软件完成,使用独立样本t检验、配对t检验及协方差分析进行组间比较。结果:Ⅲ期牙周炎患者的年龄显著大于牙周健康者[(36.72±7.64)岁vs.(31.44±7.52)岁,P=0.017],血红蛋白显著低于牙周健康者[(134.92±12.71)g/L vs.(146.52±12.51)g/L,P=0.002],铁调素[(48.03±34.44)μg/L vs.(27.42±15.00)μg/L,P=0.009]、铁蛋白[(225.08±103.36)μg/L vs.(155.19±115.38)μg/L,P=0.029]、EPO[(41.28±12.58)IU/L vs.(28.38±10.52)IU/L,P<0.001]显著高于牙周健康者。用协方差分析校正年龄后,以上趋势维持不变且差异均有统计学意义。经牙周基础治疗后,Ⅲ期牙周炎患者所有牙周指标均有明显改善,血红蛋白[(146.05±15.48)g/L vs.(133.77±13.15)g/L,P<0.001]显著升高,铁调素[(32.54±18.67)μg/L vs.(48.18±36.74)μg/L,P=0.033]、铁蛋白[(128.52±90.95)μg/L vs.(221.22±102.15)μg/L,P<0.001]、EPO显著降低[(27.66±19.67)IU/L vs.(39.63±12.48)IU/L,P=0.004]。结论:Ⅲ期牙周炎患者具有炎症性贫血及铁代谢紊乱的倾向,牙周基础治疗可改善这种状况。

Objective:To investigate the differences and similarities of parameters associated with anemia of inflammation between patients with stageⅢperiodontitis and periodontally healthy volunteers,and to explore the influence of periodontal initial therapy on those indicators.Methods:Patients with stageⅢperiodontitis and periodontally healthy volunteers seeking periodontal treatment or prophylaxis at Department of Periodontology,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from February 2020 to February 2023 were enrolled.Their demographic characteristics,periodontal parameters(including probing depth,clinical attachment loss,bleeding index),and fasting blood were gathered before periodontal initial therapy.Three months after periodontal initial therapy,the periodontal parameters of the patients with stageⅢperiodontitis were re-evaluated and their fasting blood was collected again.Blood routine examinations(including white blood cells,red blood cells,hemoglobin,packed cell volume,mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)were performed.And ferritin,hepcidin,erythropoietin(EPO)were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).All data analysis was done with SPSS 21.0,independent sample t test,paired t test,and analysis of covariance were used for comparison between the groups.Results:A total of 25 patients with stageⅢperiodontitis and 25 periodontally healthy volunteers were included in this study.The patients with stageⅢperiodontitis were significantly older than those in periodontally healthy status[(36.72±7.64)years vs.(31.44±7.52)years,P=0.017].The patients with stageⅢperiodontitis showed lower serum hemoglobin[(134.92±12.71)g/L vs.(146.52±12.51)g/L,P=0.002]and higher serum ferritin[(225.08±103.36)μg/L vs.(155.19±115.38)μg/L,P=0.029],EPO[(41.28±12.58)IU/L vs.(28.38±10.52)IU/L,P<0.001],and hepcidin[(48.03±34.44)μg/L vs.(27.42±15.00)μg/L,P=0.009]compared with periodontally healthy volunteers.After adjusting the age with the covariance analysis,these parameters(hemoglobin,ferritin,EPO,and hepcidin)showed the same trends as independent-sample t test with statistical significance.Three months after periodontal initial therapy,all the periodontal parameters showed statistically significant improvement.The serum hemoglobin raised[(146.05±15.48)g/L vs.(133.77±13.15)g/L,P<0.001],while the serum ferritin[(128.52±90.95)μg/L vs.(221.22±102.15)μg/L,P<0.001],EPO[(27.66±19.67)IU/L vs.(39.63±12.48)IU/L,P=0.004],and hepcidin[(32.54±18.67)μg/L vs.(48.18±36.74)μg/L,P=0.033]decreased compared with baseline.Conclusion:Tendency of iron metabolism disorder and anemia of inflammation was observed in patients with stageⅢperiodontitis,which can be attenuated by periodontal initial therapy.